Proliferative cell types in embryonic lineages of the central complex of the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria
Proliferative cell types in embryonic lineages of the central complex of the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria
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DOI：
10.1007/s00441-010-0992-6
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Herbert, Zsofia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyan, George;Williams, Leslie;Herbert, Zsofia
蝗虫 Schistocerca gregaria 的中央复合体在胚胎发生过程中发育完成。对中央复合体的主要细胞贡献来自脑间部的 w、x、y、z 谱系，每个细胞系包含 100 多个细胞，使其成为迄今为止胚胎原大脑中最大的细胞。我们的重点是找到一种细胞机制，允许在有限的时间内产生如此大量的细胞后代。有丝分裂活性细胞染色体的免疫组织化学可视化显示，在胚胎发生的 50% 时，每个 w、x、y、z 谱系中同时存在几乎相同的增殖细胞线性阵列。该阵列保持相对不变，直到胚胎发生的近 70%，此后有丝分裂活性下降，然后停止。与中央复合体无关的较小的原大脑谱系中不存在该阵列。增殖细胞位于神经节母细胞区域的顶部和神经母细胞的子代之中。细胞形态、免疫反应性（辣根过氧化物酶、repo、Prospero）、谱系位置和纺锤体方向的比较使我们能够将阵列中的增殖细胞与神经母细胞、神经节母细胞、神经元后代和神经胶质细胞区分开来。我们的数据与增殖细胞是次级（扩增）祖细胞并源自神经节母细胞的特定亚型一致。我们提出了一个神经母细胞、神经节母细胞和次级祖细胞共同产生中央复杂谱系中大量细胞的方式模型。
The central complex of the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria develops to completion during embryogenesis. A major cellular contribution to the central complex is from the w, x, y, z lineages of the pars intercerebralis, each of which comprises over 100 cells, making them by far the largest in the embryonic protocerebrum. Our focus has been to find a cellular mechanism that allows such a large number of cell progeny to be generated within a restricted period of time. Immunohistochemical visualization of the chromosomes of mitotically active cells has revealed an almost identical linear array of proliferative cells present simultaneously in each w, x, y, z lineage at 50% of embryogenesis. This array is maintained relatively unchanged until almost 70% of embryogenesis, after which mitotic activity declines and then ceases. The array is absent from smaller lineages of the protocerebrum not associated with the central complex. The proliferative cells are located apically to the zone of ganglion mother cells and amongst the progeny of the neuroblast. Comparisons of cell morphology, immunoreactivity (horseradish peroxidase, repo, Prospero), location in lineages and spindle orientation have allowed us to distinguish the proliferative cells in an array from neuroblasts, ganglion mother cells, neuronal progeny and glia. Our data are consistent with the proliferative cells being secondary (amplifying) progenitors and originating from a specific subtype of ganglion mother cell. We propose a model of the way that neuroblasts, ganglion mother cells and secondary progenitors together produce the large cell numbers found in central complex lineages.