Symbiogenesis: Beyond the endosymbiosis theory?
Symbiogenesis: Beyond the endosymbiosis theory?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtbi.2017.08.001
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发表时间：
2017-12-07
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Eggleton, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aanen, Duur K.;Eggleton, Paul
共生，字面意思是“共同生活而成为”，指的是共生在重大进化创新中的关键作用。该术语通常用于通过内共生作用向真核生物和光合作用的真核藻类和植物的主要转变。然而，在一些真核生物谱系中，内共生体已经二次丢失，这表明共生可以引发重大的进化创新，即使共生体二次丢失。这就引出了一个有趣的可能性，即共生在其他重大的进化创新中也发挥了作用，即使不是所有现存的代表都仍然具有共生关系。我们评估了这一假设的两个创新白蚁（白蚁科，也被非正式地称为“等翅目”）：i）的作用，鞭毛虫肠道原生生物共生体的过渡到真社会性从蟑螂一样的祖先，和ii）的作用，非肠道相关的共生体过渡到“更高”的白蚁，其特征是没有鞭毛虫肠道原生生物。在这两种情况下，我们确定了共生体的关键作用，即使在这两种情况下，随后，共生体再次丢失在一些血统。我们还简要讨论了其他可能的共生的例子。我们的结论是，共生是更广泛的适用于不仅仅是内共生起源的真核生物和光合真核生物，并可能是一个有用的概念，以承认共生进化创新的重要作用。然而，我们不接受林恩马古利斯的观点，共生将导致新达尔文主义的范式转变，因为共生在进化变化中的作用可以与现有理论完美结合。(C)2017作者出版社：Elsevier Ltd
Symbiogenesis, literally 'becoming by living together', refers to the crucial role of symbiosis in major evolutionary innovations. The term usually is reserved for the major transition to eukaryotes and to photosynthesising eukaryotic algae and plants by endosymbiosis. However, in some eukaryote lineages endosymbionts have been lost secondarily, showing that symbiosis can trigger a major evolutionary innovation, even if symbionts were lost secondarily. This leads to the intriguing possibility that symbiosis has played a role in other major evolutionary innovations as well, even if not all extant representatives of such groups still have the symbiotic association. We evaluate this hypothesis for two innovations in termites (Termitoidae, also known informally as "Isoptera"): i) the role of flagellate gut protist symbionts in the transition to eusociality from cockroach-like ancestors, and ii) the role of non-gut associated symbionts in the transition to 'higher' termites, characterized by the absence of flagellate gut protists. In both cases we identify a crucial role for symbionts, even though in both cases, subsequently, symbionts were lost again in some lineages. We also briefly discuss additional possible examples of symbiogenesis. We conclude that symbiogenesis is more broadly applicable than just for the endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotes and photosynthetic eukaryotes, and may be a useful concept to acknowledge the important role of symbiosis for evolutionary innovation. However, we do not accept Lynn Margulis's view that symbiogenesis will lead to a paradigm shift from neoDarwinism, as the role of symbiosis in evolutionary change can be integrated with existing theory perfectly. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.