Children's proneness to shame and guilt predict risky and illegal behaviors in young adulthood.
Children's proneness to shame and guilt predict risky and illegal behaviors in young adulthood.
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儿童容易感到羞耻和内疚，这预示着他们在成年后会出现危险和非法行为。
DOI：
10.1007/s10578-014-0467-1
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Dearing,RondaL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stuewig,Jeffrey;Tangney,JuneP;Kendall,Stephanie;Folk,JohannaB;Meyer,CandaceReinsmith;Dearing,RondaL
羞耻和内疚能帮助人们避免做错事吗？尽管一些研究表明内疚倾向是一种保护性因素，而羞耻倾向使个人面临风险，但大多数研究要么是横向的，要么是短期的。在这项纵向研究中，380 名五年级学生（10 至 12 岁）完成了羞耻和内疚倾向的测量。我们在 68% 的参与者年满 18 岁（范围 18-21 岁）后对其进行了重新采访。童年时期评估的内疚倾向预示着性伴侣会减少，非法毒品和酒精的使用会减少，刑事司法系统的参与也会减少。相比之下，羞耻倾向是后来出现异常行为的危险因素。容易感到羞耻的儿童更有可能在成年初期进行无保护的性行为和使用非法药物。在控制了儿童社会经济地位和教师的攻击性评级后，这些结果仍然成立。儿童的道德情感风格似乎至少在童年中期就已形成，对成年早期的危险行为具有明显的下游影响。
Do shame and guilt help people avoid doing wrong? Although some research suggests that guilt-proneness is a protective factor while shame-proneness puts individuals at risk, most research is either cross-sectional or short-term. In this longitudinal study, 380 5th graders (ages 10–12) completed measures of proneness to shame and guilt. We re-interviewed 68 % of participants after they turned 18 years old (range 18–21). Guilt-proneness assessed in childhood predicted fewer sexual partners, less use of illegal drugs and alcohol, and less involvement with the criminal justice system. Shame-proneness, in contrast, was a risk factor for later deviant behavior. Shame-prone children were more likely to have unprotected sex and use illegal drugs in young adulthood. These results held when controlling for childhood SES and teachers’ ratings of aggression. Children’s moral emotional styles appear to be well established by at least middle childhood, with distinct downstream implications for risky behavior in early adulthood.