Copy number variation in human health, disease, and evolution.

Copy number variation in human health, disease, and evolution.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev.genom.9.081307.164217
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发表时间:
2009
影响因子:
8.7
通讯作者:
Lupski JR
Lupski JR
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang F;Gu W;Hurles ME;Lupski JR

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拷贝数变异(CNV)是人类遗传多样性的来源之一。许多CNV正在被各种基因组分析平台识别,包括阵列比较基因组杂交(ACGH)、单核苷酸多态(SNP)基因分型平台和下一代测序。CNV的形成既有基于重组的机制,也有基于复制的机制,CNV的从头基因位点特异性突变率似乎比SNPs高得多。CNV通过多种分子机制,包括基因剂量、基因破坏、基因融合、位置效应等,可导致孟德尔或散发性特征,或与复杂疾病相关。然而,CNV也可以代表良性的多态变异。CNV,特别是基因复制和外显子改组,可能是推动基因和基因组进化的主要机制。
Copy number variation (CNV) is a source of genetic diversity in humans. Numerous CNVs are being identified with various genome analysis platforms, including array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping platforms, and next-generation sequencing. CNV formation occurs by both recombination-based and replication-based mechanisms and de novo locus-specific mutation rates appear much higher for CNVs than for SNPs. By various molecular mechanisms, including gene dosage, gene disruption, gene fusion, position effects, etc., CNVs can cause Mendelian or sporadic traits, or be associated with complex diseases. However, CNV can also represent benign polymorphic variants. CNVs, especially gene duplication and exon shuffling, can be a predominant mechanism driving gene and genome evolution.
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