Spatial Variability and Temporal Heterogeneity of Surface Urban Heat Island Patterns and the Suitability of Local Climate Zones for Land Surface Temperature Characterization
Spatial Variability and Temporal Heterogeneity of Surface Urban Heat Island Patterns and the Suitability of Local Climate Zones for Land Surface Temperature Characterization
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DOI：
10.3390/rs13214338
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Zi-qi Zhao;Ayyoob Sharifi;Xin Dong;Lidu Shen;Bao-jie He
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文献类型：
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作者：
Zi-qi Zhao;Ayyoob Sharifi;Xin Dong;Lidu Shen;Bao-jie He
以中国沈阳为例，研究了城市热岛强度的月变化特征，以及局地气候带（LCZ）方案在城市、乡村及其组合3种空间背景下对地表温度分异的适用性。沈阳的月SUHII和LST是通过12个LST图像获得的，每个月（2018年至2020年期间），基于分裂窗口算法从Landsat 8的热红外传感器（TIRS）10中检索。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验的非参数分析和多重成对比较研究了LST与LCZ的月差异。总体而言，SUHII和LCZ方案的适用性表现出时空变化。7月和8月是沈阳市热岛效应较强的两个月。沈阳经历了一个较长的时间比热岛效应，发生在11月至5月。6月和10月分别是冷-热和热-冷岛现象的过渡月份。SUHII分析依赖于城市和农村边界的定义，其中较小的农村缓冲区导致较弱的SUHI或表面城市冷岛（SUCI）现象，较大的城市区域对应于较弱的SUHI或SUCI现象。LCZ的LST没有遵循固定的顺序，在7月和8月，LCZ-10（重工业）的平均LST最高，其次是LCZ-2（紧凑型中高层），然后是LCZ-7（轻型低层）。相比之下，LCZ-7，LCZ-8（大型低层）和LCZ-9（稀疏建造）在10月至5月的LST最高。LCZ-7、LCZ-8和LCZ-10是城市环境中LST最高的三个已建LCZ，而LCZ-2、LCZ-3（紧凑型低层）、LCZ-8、LCZ-9和LCZ-10是农村环境中LST最高的五个已建LCZ。LCZ方案对温度分异的适宜性随月份而变化，其中7 ~ 10月LCZ方案的分异能力最强，5月最弱。城市背景对土地利用适宜性也有影响，与整个研究区（城市与农村结合）相比，无论是城市背景还是农村背景下的已建土地利用区的适宜性都有所减弱。此外，已建成的LCZ有一个更高的水平，在城市背景下的适合性相比，农村的背景下，而农村的土地覆盖LCZ有一个更高的水平的适合性。
This study investigated monthly variations of surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) and the applicability of the local climate zones (LCZ) scheme for land surface temperature (LST) differentiation within three spatial contexts, including urban, rural and their combination, in Shenyang, China, a city with a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate. The monthly SUHII and LST of Shenyang were obtained through 12 LST images, with one in each month (within the period between 2018 and 2020), retrieved from the Thermal InfraRed Sensor (TIRS) 10 in Landsat 8 based on a split window algorithm. Non-parametric analysis of Kruskal-Wallis H test and a multiple pairwise comparison were adopted to investigate the monthly LST differentiations with LCZs. Overall, the SUHII and the applicability of the LCZ scheme exhibited spatiotemporal variations. July and August were the two months when Shenyang underwent strong heat island effects. Shenyang underwent a longer period of cool than heat island effects, occurring from November to May. June and October were the transition months of cool–heat and heat–cool island phenomena, respectively. The SUHII analysis was dependent on the definition of urban and rural boundaries, where a smaller rural buffering zone resulted in a weaker SUHI or surface urban cool island (SUCI) phenomenon and a larger urban area corresponded to a weaker SUHI or SUCI phenomenon as well. The LST of LCZs did not follow a fixed order, where in July and August, the LCZ-10 (Heavy industry) had the highest mean LST, followed by LCZ-2 (Compact midrise) and then LCZ-7 (Lightweight low-rise). In comparison, LCZ-7, LCZ-8 (Large low-rise) and LCZ-9 (Sparsely built) had the highest LST from October to May. The LST of LCZs varied with urban and rural contexts, where LCZ-7, LCZ-8 and LCZ -10 were the three built LCZs that had the highest LST within urban context, while LCZ-2, LCZ-3 (Compact low-rise), LCZ-8, LCZ-9 and LCZ-10 were the five built LCZs that had the highest LST within rural context. The suitability of the LCZ scheme for temperature differentiation varied with the month, where from July to October, the LCZ scheme had the strongest capability and in May, it had the weakest capability. Urban context also made a difference to the suitability, where compared with the whole study area (the combination of urban and rural areas), the suitability of built LCZs in either urban or rural contexts weakened. Moreover, the built LCZs had a higher level of suitability in an urban context compared with a rural context, while the land-cover LCZs within rural had a higher level of suitability.