Energy Demand of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Based Fertilizers and Approaches to Circularity
Energy Demand of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Based Fertilizers and Approaches to Circularity
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DOI：
10.1021/acsenergylett.2c02627
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发表时间：
2023-02-17
影响因子：
22
通讯作者：
Hatzell, Marta C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daramola, Damilola A.;Hatzell, Marta C.
与合成肥料制造相关的气候相关问题主要可以追溯到氨化学制造过程中的能源和碳排放。然而，合成肥料是由几种常量营养素（氮，磷和钾）组成的，每种都具有不同的能量强度和环境影响。随着资源循环的发展，有必要对与合成无机肥料（包括氮和磷）相关的过程能量建立一个更全面的观点。在这里，我们首先描述了农业中无机（合成）和有机（动物粪便）营养素的生产和消费的增长，以及与颗粒磷肥和氮肥生产相关的过程能量。接下来，我们提出了基于各种可持续性和社会公平情景的氮和磷营养素的预计全球需求，以论证营养素恢复是满足这一需求的可行方法。最后，我们讨论的特点和挑战，新兴技术的养分回收沿着与基线性能和成本，目前的业务恢复设施。
The climate-related concerns associated with the manufacturing of synthetic fertilizers are largely traced back to energy and carbon emissions during the chemical manufacturing of ammonia. However, synthetic fertilizers are made up of several macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), each with different energy intensities and environmental impacts. With the movement toward resource circularity, there is a need to create a more holistic view regarding the process energy associated with synthetic inorganic fertilizers, including nitrogen and phosphorus. Here, we first describe the growing production and consumption of inorganic (synthetic) and organic (animal waste) nutrients in agriculture as well as the process energy associated with the production of granular phosphorus and nitrogen-based fertilizers. Next, we present projected global demand of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients based on various sustainability and societal equity scenarios to make an argument for nutrient recovery as a viable approach to meet this demand. Finally, we discuss the characteristics and challenges of emerging technologies for nutrient recovery along with baseline performance and costs of current operational recovery facilities.