Cellular Individuality in the Higher Animals, with Special Reference to the Individuality of the Red Blood Corpuscle. (II)
Cellular Individuality in the Higher Animals, with Special Reference to the Individuality of the Red Blood Corpuscle. (II)
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高等动物的细胞个体，特别是红细胞的个体。
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C. Todd
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作者：
C. Todd
以前的来文中已经表明，（托德，1930，a，B）家禽的红细胞构成相当复杂的“多抗原”，并且具有如此高的特异性，以至于在不相关的鸟类中，任何特定家禽的红细胞可以与相同物种的任何其他个体的红细胞区分开，通过使用适当耗尽的多价同种凝集血清进行简单的凝集反应。然而，当鸟类关系密切时，这并不总是可能的，因为一个家族的某些成员的小体可能表现出非常相似。为了研究红血球性状的遗传传递，在早期的一些实验中，我们让三对互不相关的普利茅斯岩鸟交配，并详细检查了三个家族中每一个家族的父母和后代的细胞（托德，1930，B）。在回顾所获得的结果和比较任何家庭中单个成员的小体行为时，可以看出，没有两只小鸡的细胞看起来完全相同，但总是存在某种程度的差异，从非常相似到非常明显的对比;这表明红细胞含有许多不同的抗原单位，在遗传传递过程中，每个抗原单位都有独立的行为。
It has been shown in previous communications (Todd, 1930, a, b ) that the red blood corpuscle of the domestic fowl constitutes a “multiple antigen” of considerable complexity and of so high a degree of specificity that, in unrelated birds, the red cells of any particular fowl can be differentiated from those of any other individual of the same species, by means of a simple agglutination reaction carried out with suitably exhausted polyvalent iso-agglutinating sera. When the birds are closely related, however, this is not always possible, as the corpuscles of certain members of a family may show a very close resemblance. In the course of some earlier experiments, made in order to investigate the hereditary transmission of the characters of the red blood corpuscle, three separate couples of unrelated Plymouth Rock birds were mated, and the cells of parents and offspring in each of the three families examined in detail (Todd, 1930, b ). On reviewing the results obtained and comparing the behaviour of the corpuscles of the individual members in anyone family, it was seen that the cells of no two chicks appeared to be exactly alike, but that there was always some degree of difference, varying from a close resemblance to a very marked contrast; suggesting that the red cells contain a number of different antigenic units, each of which behaves independently during the process of hereditary transmission.