Bacterial chromosome organization and segregation.
Bacterial chromosome organization and segregation.
复制标题
细菌染色体组织和隔离。
DOI：
10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100814-125211
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Laub MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Badrinarayanan A;Le TB;Laub MT
如果完全伸展，一条典型的细菌染色体将接近一毫米长，或者大约是细胞长度的 1000 倍。细胞不仅必须大量压缩其遗传物质，而且还必须以与一系列细胞过程兼容的方式组织其 DNA，包括 DNA 复制、DNA 修复、同源重组和水平基因转移。最近的工作在一定程度上受到技术进步的推动，已经开始揭示细菌染色体组织的一般原理。在这里，我们利用对许多不同生物体的研究，回顾了细菌染色体如何在多个长度尺度上构建的新图景，强调了各种 DNA 结合蛋白的功能和物理力的影响。此外，我们还讨论了染色体的空间动力学，特别是在它们分离到子细胞期间。尽管已经取得了巨大进展，但我们也强调了在理解染色体组织和分离方面仍然存在的差距。
If fully stretched out, a typical bacterial chromosome would be nearly one millimeter long, or approximately 1000 times the length of a cell. Not only must cells massively compact their genetic material, but they must also organize their DNA in a manner that is compatible with a range of cellular processes, including DNA replication, DNA repair, homologous recombination, and horizontal gene transfer. Recent work, driven in part by technological advances, has begun to reveal the general principles of chromosome organization in bacteria. Here, drawing on studies of many different organisms, we review the emerging picture of how bacterial chromosomes are structured at multiple length-scales, highlighting the functions of various DNA-binding proteins and impact of physical forces. Additionally, we discuss the spatial dynamics of chromosomes, particularly during their segregation to daughter cells. Although there has been tremendous progress, we also highlight gaps that remain in understanding chromosome organization and segregation.