Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus: Sex Differences in Insulin Action and Secretion
Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus: Sex Differences in Insulin Action and Secretion
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-70178-3_4
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Basu, Rita
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文献类型：
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作者：
Basu, Ananda;Dube, Simmi;Basu, Rita
性别差异在健康耐糖人类的葡萄糖代谢调节中起着重要作用。可能导致葡萄糖代谢中性别相关差异的因素包括生活方式（饮食和运动）、性激素和身体成分的差异。一些流行病学和观察性研究表明，女性糖耐量受损比男性更常见。其中一些研究将其归因于身体成分的差异，而另一些研究则将胰岛素敏感性受损归因于女性糖耐量受损的原因。我们研究了 120 名男性和 90 名女性摄入混合餐后的餐后葡萄糖代谢。使用新型三重示踪剂同位素稀释方法计算膳食葡萄糖出现率、内源性葡萄糖产生率和葡萄糖消失率。使用经过验证的生理模型计算胰岛素的作用和分泌。虽然女性餐后葡萄糖出现率高于男性，但老年女性的葡萄糖消失率高于老年男性，而年轻女性的葡萄糖消失率低于年轻男性。因此，性别对餐后葡萄糖代谢有影响，碳水化合物代谢的性别差异可能对预防和管理个体糖尿病的方法具有重要影响。
Sex difference plays a substantial role in the regulation of glucose metabolism in healthy glucose-tolerant humans. The factors which may contribute to the sex-related differences in glucose metabolism include differences in lifestyle (diet and exercise), sex hormones, and body composition. Several epidemiological and observational studies have noted that impaired glucose tolerance is more common in women than men. Some of these studies have attributed this to differences in body composition, while others have attributed impaired insulin sensitivity as a cause of impaired glucose tolerance in women. We studied postprandial glucose metabolism in 120 men and 90 women after ingestion of a mixed meal. Rates of meal glucose appearance, endogenous glucose production, and glucose disappearance were calculated using a novel triple-tracer isotope dilution method. Insulin action and secretion were calculated using validated physiological models. While rate of meal glucose appearance was higher in women than men, rates of glucose disappearance were higher in elderly women than elderly men while young women had lower rates of glucose disappearance than young men. Hence, sex has an impact on postprandial glucose metabolism, and sex differences in carbohydrate metabolism may have important implications for approaches to prevent and manage diabetes in an individual.