Are we still “raising aspirations”? The complex relationship between aspiration and widening participation practices in English higher education institutions
Are we still “raising aspirations”? The complex relationship between aspiration and widening participation practices in English higher education institutions
复制标题
我们还在“提高愿望”吗？英国高等教育机构中愿望与扩大参与实践之间的复杂关系
DOI：
10.1080/00131911.2021.1923461
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J. Rainford
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Rainford
在英国，扩大教育参与主要围绕两个方面的需求：提高成绩和提高抱负。虽然愿望是复杂的，但政策定义往往从狭义的经济角度来界定，并将接受高等教育主要视为培养劳动力，其基本逻辑是，为了提高社会流动性，个人需要“目标更高”。因此，对代表性不足群体的入学前工作往往采取缺乏抱负的办法。人们对赤字模式提出了广泛的批评，但在国家和机构政策中，“提高期望”仍然存在。借鉴16个半结构化的采访，扩大参与的从业者在英格兰，本文认为政策与实践之间的一致性。它探讨了从业者对抱负的更复杂和微妙的看法，以及这种看法如何与可能自我理论更紧密地结合起来。本文认为，有两个关键问题：政策和实践之间的脱节和差距的结构性问题与愿望的理解。该文件认为，解决方案涉及到一个激进的重新思考的政策，返回到一个重点，帮助个人实现自己的个人愿望，更清楚地承认结构性的制约因素塑造的形成，发声和实现的愿望。
ABSTRACT Widening participation in England has been framed around two primary needs; raising attainment and raising aspiration. Whilst aspiration is complex, policy definitions often frame it in narrow economic terms and see access to higher education as primarily about developing a workforce, the underlying logic being that to improve social mobility that individuals need to “aim higher”. Pre-entry work with under-represented groups therefore has tended to adopt a deficit of aspiration approach. There has been extensive critique of the deficit model yet “raising aspirations” still endures in both national and institutional policy. Drawing on sixteen semi-structured interviews with widening participation practitioners in England, this paper considers the alignment between policy and practice. It explores the more complex and nuanced view of aspiration held by practitioners and how this more closely aligns with the theory of possible selves. This paper argues that there are two key issues; a disjuncture between policy and practice and a gap in understanding of the structural issues associated with aspiration. The paper argues that the solution involves a radical rethink of policy that returns to a focus on helping individuals to realise their own individual aspirations and more clearly acknowledges the structural constraints shaping the formation, vocalisation and realisation of aspirations.