Retrieval-induced forgetting in episodic memory.
Retrieval-induced forgetting in episodic memory.
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DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.25.6.1403
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发表时间：
1999-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michael A. Ciranni;A. Shimamura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michael A. Ciranni;A. Shimamura
参与者学习了12个刺激物的位置，这些刺激物颜色独特，但可以按形状（4个圆形，4个三角形，4个十字）分组。研究结束后，参与者被要求回忆刺激物子集的颜色（例如，2个圆形，2个三角形），以形状和位置作为线索。在最后的测试中，参与者回忆了所有12种刺激物的颜色。与对照刺激组（即4个十字组）相比，被试对已练习过的项目记忆增强，但对未练习但形状相同的相关项目记忆受损。在不同的实验中，检索诱发遗忘在不同的知觉分组和不同的提示程序中被观察到。然而，这种效果需要在插值阶段检索信息。提供额外的演示并不会干扰对相关项目的记忆。
Participants learned the locations of 12 stimuli that were uniquely colored but could be grouped by shape (4 circles, 4 triangles, 4 crosses). Following the study, a retrieval-practice phase required participants to recall the colors of a subset of the stimuli (i.e., 2 circles, 2 triangles) using shape and location as cues. In a final test, participants recalled the colors of all 12 stimuli. Compared with the control set of stimuli (i.e., 4 crosses), memory was facilitated for practiced items but impaired for related items, which were not practiced but shared the same shape group. Across experiments, retrieval-induced forgetting was observed for different perceptual groupings and for different cuing procedures. The effect, however, required retrieval of information during the interpolated phase. Providing extra presentations did not disrupt memory for related items.