Ecological traits modulate bird species responses to forest fragmentation in an Amazonian anthropogenic archipelago
Ecological traits modulate bird species responses to forest fragmentation in an Amazonian anthropogenic archipelago
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DOI：
10.1111/ddi.12689
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Peres, Carlos A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bueno, Anderson Saldanha;Dantas, Sidnei M.;Peres, Carlos A.
目的：我们评估了鸟类物种丧失的模式和形态生态特征在解释人类岛屿系统中物种对森林碎片化的脆弱性方面的作用。我们还对比了观察值和可检测性修正后的岛屿占有率估计值，这些估计值经常被用来推断物种的脆弱性。地点：巴西亚马逊东部的图库鲁伊水电站水库。方法：我们调查了36个岛屿(3.4-2551.5公顷)内的森林鸟类，在隔离后22年的历史中。我们应用物种-面积关系来评估三个数据集之间物种丧失的不同模式：所有物种、森林专家和栖息地通才。在控制了系统发育的非独立性后，我们分别使用观测和可检测性校正的岛屿占有率估计来建立作为物种特征函数的竞争模型。结果：作为岛屿面积减少的函数，森林专家的物种损失率高于生境通才。考虑到面积效应，无论数据集如何，森林碎片化都不会影响物种总数。只有包括自然丰度、栖息地宽度和地理范围大小的交互模型对岛屿占有率的估计都得到了强烈支持。对于检测概率低于30%的30种物种，可探测性校正估计至少比观察到的高10倍。相反，所有31个物种的估计值之间的差异可以忽略不计，或者不存在，检测概率超过45.5%。主要结论：森林丧失导致的鸟类物种丰富度的预测衰退受到所考虑物种的栖息地专门化程度的影响，可能与森林片断化本身无关。自然丰富度是物种岛屿占有率的主要预测因子，但生境宽度和地理范围大小也起到了作用。我们告诫不要对低可探测性物种使用占有率模型，因为对岛屿占有率的过高估计会降低物种级别的脆弱性预测的威力。
Aim: We assessed patterns of avian species loss and the role of morpho-ecological traits in explaining species vulnerability to forest fragmentation in an anthropogenic island system. We also contrasted observed and detectability-corrected estimates of island occupancy, which are often used to infer species vulnerability.Location: Tucurui Hydroelectric Reservoir, eastern Brazilian Amazonia.Methods: We surveyed forest birds within 36 islands (3.4-2,551.5 ha) after 22 years of post-isolation history. We applied species-area relationships to assess differential patterns of species loss among three data sets: all species, forest specialists and habitat generalists. After controlling for phylogenetic non-independence, we used observed and detectability-corrected estimates of island occupancy separately to build competing models as a function of species traits. The magnitude of the difference between these estimates of island occupancy was contrasted against species detectability.Results: The rate of species loss as a function of island area reduction was higher for forest specialists than for habitat generalists. Accounting for the area effect, forest fragmentation did not affect the overall number of species regardless of the data set. Only the interactive model including natural abundance, habitat breadth and geographic range size was strongly supported for both estimates of island occupancy. For 30 species with detection probabilities below 30%, detectability-corrected estimates were at least tenfold higher than those observed. Conversely, differences between estimates were negligible or non-existent for all 31 species with detection probabilities exceeding 45.5%.Main conclusions: Predicted decay of avian species richness induced by forest loss is affected by the degree of habitat specialisation of the species under consideration, and may be unrelated to forest fragmentation per se. Natural abundance was the main predictor of species island occupancy, although habitat breadth and geographic range size also played a role. We caution against using occupancy models for low-detectability species, because overestimates of island occupancy reduce the power of species-level predictions of vulnerability.