The development of the adult intestinal stem cells: Insights from studies on thyroid hormone-dependent amphibian metamorphosis.
The development of the adult intestinal stem cells: Insights from studies on thyroid hormone-dependent amphibian metamorphosis.
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DOI：
10.1186/2045-3701-1-30
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发表时间：
2011-09-06
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Ishizuya-Oka A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shi YB;Hasebe T;Fu L;Fujimoto K;Ishizuya-Oka A
成体器官特异性干细胞对于成体脊椎动物器官的稳态和修复是必不可少的。在这方面，肠道是研究得最好的器官之一。在脊椎动物的整个成年生活中，肠上皮通过成体干细胞的增殖和随后的分化经历不断的自我更新。这种自我更新系统是在哺乳动物的发育后期，出生前后，当内源性甲状腺激素（T3）水平高时建立的。两栖动物的变态类似于哺乳动物出生前后的胚后发育，完全依赖于高水平T3的存在。在这个过程中，蝌蚪肠，主要是一个单层的幼虫上皮细胞，经历了激烈的转变。幼虫上皮细胞经历凋亡，同时，成体上皮干/祖细胞从头发育，快速增殖，然后分化以建立上皮褶皱的槽-嵴轴，类似于成年哺乳动物肠中的隐窝-绒毛轴。我们和其他人已经研究了T3依赖的肠重建非洲爪蟾。在这里，我们将重点介绍一些关于成体肠道干细胞起源的最新发现。我们将讨论的意见表明，配体T3受体（TR）调节成人肠祖细胞的细胞自主形成和结缔组织中的T3行动是重要的干细胞生态位的建立。我们将进一步审查其他脊椎动物中类似的T3依赖性成体肠干细胞形成的证据。
Adult organ-specific stem cells are essential for organ homeostasis and repair in adult vertebrates. The intestine is one of the best-studied organs in this regard. The intestinal epithelium undergoes constant self-renewal throughout adult life across vertebrates through the proliferation and subsequent differentiation of the adult stem cells. This self-renewal system is established late during development, around birth, in mammals when endogenous thyroid hormone (T3) levels are high. Amphibian metamorphosis resembles mammalian postembryonic development around birth and is totally dependent upon the presence of high levels of T3. During this process, the tadpole intestine, predominantly a monolayer of larval epithelial cells, undergoes drastic transformation. The larval epithelial cells undergo apoptosis and concurrently, adult epithelial stem/progenitor cells develop de novo, rapidly proliferate, and then differentiate to establish a trough-crest axis of the epithelial fold, resembling the crypt-villus axis in the adult mammalian intestine. We and others have studied the T3-dependent remodeling of the intestine in Xenopus laevis. Here we will highlight some of the recent findings on the origin of the adult intestinal stem cells. We will discuss observations suggesting that liganded T3 receptor (TR) regulates cell autonomous formation of adult intestinal progenitor cells and that T3 action in the connective tissue is important for the establishment of the stem cell niche. We will further review evidence suggesting similar T3-dependent formation of adult intestinal stem cells in other vertebrates.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
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