Fertilization of Denuded Rabbit Eggs in vitro by Sperm recovered from the Uterus or Vagina
Fertilization of Denuded Rabbit Eggs in vitro by Sperm recovered from the Uterus or Vagina
复制标题
从子宫或阴道回收的精子对裸露兔卵进行体外受精
作者：
M. Chang;A. Hanada;D. M. Hunt
最近脱落的卵被一团粘稠的卵泡细胞包围，称为卵积云。滤泡细胞紧密地附着在透明带上，呈致密的放射状排列，称为放射状冠。据推测，卵积云中的卵泡细胞可以保护卵子免受多精受精的影响，并通过为精子提供一个大的靶标来提高受精的机会。此外，由于辐射冠呈放射状排列，这些卵泡细胞可以使精子朝向卵子。然而，在体外用透明质酸酶处理卵积云溶解后，将兔卵转移到交配兔的试管中可以受精2,3。经人工摇动使卵积云溶解并除去辐射日冕后，剥落的卵也可在体外或体内受精5,6。剥去的卵子和卵泡细胞完整的卵子在体外受精卵的比例尚未进行比较。此外，据推测，存在于卵泡液中或由颗粒细胞合成的黄体酮可能是“顶体反应”、精子获能和卵子体外受精所必需的。这里描述的实验证明：(1)缺乏卵泡细胞（或孕酮）的脱毛兔卵可以像完整的卵一样与卵积云受精，(2)从阴道中恢复的精子可以在体外使兔卵受精，也可以使从子宫中恢复的精子受精。
RECENTLY shed eggs are surrounded by a sticky mass of follicular cells known as the cumulus oophorus. The follicular cells, which are closely attached to the zona pellucida and are arranged in a compact radial pattern, are called the corona radiata. It has been postulated that the follicular cells in the cumulus oophorus can protect the egg against polyspermic fertilization, and can improve the chance of fertilization by providing a large target for the sperm. Further, due to the radial arrangement of the corona radiata, these follicular cells can act in orientating the sperm towards eggs1. After the dissolution of cumulus oophorus by treatment with hyaluronidase in vitro, however, rabbit eggs can be fertilized when transferred into the tubes of mated rabbits2,3. After the dissolution of cumulus oophorus and removal of the corona radiata by manual shaking, the denuded eggs can also be fertilized in vitro4 or in vivo5,6. A comparison of the proportion of eggs fertilized in vitro between denuded eggs and those with follicular cells intact has not been made. In addition, it has been speculated that the progesterone present in the follicular fluid or synthesized by the granulosa cells may be necessary for the “acrosome reaction”, capacitation of sperm, and the fertilization of eggs in vitro7. The experiment described here demonstrates (1) that denuded rabbit eggs lacking follicular cells (or progesterone) can be fertilized equally as well as intact eggs with cumulus oophorus, and (2) that sperm recovered from the vagina can fertilize rabbit eggs in vitro as well as those recovered from the uterus.