Song pattern recognition in crickets based on a delay-line and coincidence-detector mechanism.
Song pattern recognition in crickets based on a delay-line and coincidence-detector mechanism.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2017.0745
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发表时间：
2017-05-31
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通讯作者：
Sarmiento-Ponce EJ
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作者：
Hedwig B;Sarmiento-Ponce EJ
声学通信需要滤波器机制来处理和识别感知信号的关键特征。我们分析了这样一个过滤器的机制，在外地蟋蟀（蟋蟀bimaculatus），这与特定物种的重复模式的声音脉冲和啁啾。一个延迟线和重合检测机制，其中每个声音脉冲有一个影响下一个脉冲的处理，是隐含的识别的物种特异性脉冲模式的基础。基于这一概念，我们假设改变三脉冲啁啾中单个脉冲或脉冲间间隔的持续时间将导致不同的行为反应。趋声性进行了测试，女性蟋蟀走在轨迹球暴露于不同的声音范式。改变啁啾的第一、第二或第三脉冲的持续时间导致三种不同的特性调谐曲线。长的第一个脉冲降低了趋声反应，而趋声性仍然很强，当第三个脉冲长。啁啾声与三个脉冲的持续时间增加5，20和50毫秒引起趋声性，但啁啾声没有吸引力时，以相反的顺序播放。这证明了在处理脉冲序列时特定的脉冲持续时间相关效应。这些数据与一种机制相一致，在这种机制中，声音脉冲的处理对后续脉冲的处理有影响，正如延迟线和重合检测器电路中的活动流所概述的那样。此外，我们的数据显示，当啁啾脉冲的数量从两个增加到三个时，趋声性的增益大幅增加。
Acoustic communication requires filter mechanisms to process and recognize key features of the perceived signals. We analysed such a filter mechanism in field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), which communicate with species-specific repetitive patterns of sound pulses and chirps. A delay-line and coincidence-detection mechanism, in which each sound pulse has an impact on the processing of the following pulse, is implicated to underlie the recognition of the species-specific pulse pattern. Based on this concept, we hypothesized that altering the duration of a single pulse or inter-pulse interval in three-pulse chirps will lead to different behavioural responses. Phonotaxis was tested in female crickets walking on a trackball exposed to different sound paradigms. Changing the duration of either the first, second or third pulse of the chirps led to three different characteristic tuning curves. Long first pulses decreased the phonotactic response whereas phonotaxis remained strong when the third pulse was long. Chirps with three pulses of increasing duration of 5, 20 and 50 ms elicited phonotaxis, but the chirps were not attractive when played in reverse order. This demonstrates specific, pulse duration-dependent effects while sequences of pulses are processed. The data are in agreement with a mechanism in which processing of a sound pulse has an effect on the processing of the subsequent pulse, as outlined in the flow of activity in a delay-line and coincidence-detector circuit. Additionally our data reveal a substantial increase in the gain of phonotaxis, when the number of pulses of a chirp is increased from two to three.