Unsaturated fatty acids enhance the fibrinolytic activity of subtilisin NAT (nattokinase), a protease derived from a bacillus fermentation.
Unsaturated fatty acids enhance the fibrinolytic activity of subtilisin NAT (nattokinase), a protease derived from a bacillus fermentation.
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不饱和脂肪酸增强枯草杆菌蛋白酶 NAT（纳豆激酶）的纤溶活性，这是一种源自芽孢杆菌发酵的蛋白酶。
DOI：
10.1111/jfbc.13326
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Hasumi K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Takagaki S;Suzuki M;Suzuki E;Hasumi K.
枯草杆菌蛋白酶NAT（Subtilisin NAT，缩写为NAT）是一种具有纤溶活性的丝氨酸蛋白酶。在这项研究中，我们筛选了几种食物，以提高纤维蛋白溶解的潜力，并确定了富含不饱和脂肪酸的候选人。我们从最活跃的食物之一红辣椒中分离出亚油酸作为主要的活性化合物。亚油酸在>20 μg/ml时促进β-介导的纤维蛋白/纤维蛋白原降解。亚油酸可使纤维蛋白原的三条多肽链断裂，其中亚油酸加速了Bβ链和γ链的降解，但轻微抑制了α链片段的降解。亚油酸未能影响小的合成肽的降解，这表明亚油酸促进纤维蛋白原/纤维蛋白原的构象调制的活性。在所测试的各种脂肪酸中，不饱和脂肪酸具有活性，但饱和脂肪酸对纤维蛋白酶介导的纤维蛋白溶解具有抑制作用。实际应用枯草杆菌蛋白酶NAT（SubtilisinNAT）是一种丝氨酸蛋白酶，广泛存在于纳豆中，纳豆是一种用枯草芽孢杆菌发酵的大豆食品。由于纤维蛋白的降解作用，将芦荟作为功能性食品来改善血液循环的作用越来越受到关注。我们的研究结果表明，广泛存在的不饱和脂肪酸，如亚油酸，二十碳五烯酸，二十二碳六烯酸增强纤维蛋白溶解活性的甘油三酯。因此，摄入纳豆或纳豆补充剂与含不饱和脂肪酸的油相结合可能是获得心血管益处的新方法。
Subtilisin NAT (STN), alternatively designated nattokinase, is a serine protease with potent fibrinolytic activity. In this study, we screened several foods to enhance the fibrinolytic potential of STN and identified unsaturated fatty acid‐rich ones as candidates. We isolated linoleic acid as a major active compound from one of the most active foods, red pepper. Linoleic acid promoted the STN‐mediated fibrin/fibrinogen degradation at >20 μg/ml. STN cleaved three of the fibrinogen polypeptide chains, among which linoleic acid accelerated Bβ‐chain and γ‐chain degradations, but slightly suppressed the degradation of α‐chain fragments. Linoleic acid failed to affect small synthetic peptide degradation, suggesting a conformational modulation of fibrin/fibrinogen for the linoleic acid promotion of STN activity. Of the various fatty acids tested, unsaturated ones were active but saturated ones were rather inhibitory to STN‐mediated fibrinolysis. Thus, our data shed new light on the dietary promotion of STN activity.Practical applicationsSubtilisin NAT (STN) is a serine protease abundantly contained in natto, a soybean food fermented withBacillus subtilisvar.natto. The use of STN as functional foods to improve blood circulation is getting attention because STN actively degrades fibrin. Our results demonstrate that widely occurring unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids enhance the fibrinolytic activity of STN. Thus, the intake of natto or STN supplements in combination with unsaturated fatty acid‐containing oil can be a novel way to gain cardiovascular benefits.