Flexible fabrication and applications of polymer nanochannels and nanoslits.
Flexible fabrication and applications of polymer nanochannels and nanoslits.
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DOI：
10.1039/c0cs00138d
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
46.2
通讯作者：
Cho YK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chantiwas R;Park S;Soper SA;Kim BC;Takayama S;Sunkara V;Hwang H;Cho YK
采用纳米级结构（分别在一维或二维中<100 nm，狭缝或通道）的荧光器件产生了极大的兴趣，这是由于与它们的微米级对应物相比，该尺寸域所提供的独特性质。有趣的纳米级现象的例子包括由于离子选择性迁移，独特的分子分离模式，封闭的环境，以允许生物聚合物拉伸和伸长和固相生物反应，不受质量传输文物的限制，在极高的水平预浓缩离子物种的能力。事实上，文献中的许多实例已经证明了这些独特的机会，尽管主要使用玻璃、熔融石英或硅作为基底材料。聚合物微流体已经确立了自己作为玻璃，熔融石英，或硅基流体设备的替代品。使用聚合物的主要优点是可用于产生所需结构的多种制造方案，与不同聚合物材料相关的广泛的理化性质，以及可用于改变基材表面化学的简单而稳健的改性策略。然而，虽然聚合物微流体的优势目前正在实现，但基于聚合物的纳米流体的发展最近才被报道。在这篇评论中，将使用弹性体和热塑性材料讨论基于聚合物的纳米流体所提供的机会。特别是，各种制造模式将讨论沿着与纳米尺寸域，他们可以实现弹性体和热塑性材料。不同的聚合物基板，可用于纳米流体将呈现沿着与无机纳米器件的比较和纳米流体器件的制造和操作的材料差异的后果（257参考文献）。
Fluidic devices that employ nanoscale structures (<100 nm in one or two dimensions, slits or channels, respectively) are generating great interest due to the unique properties afforded by this size domain compared to their micro-scale counterparts. Examples of interesting nanoscale phenomena include the ability to preconcentrate ionic species at extremely high levels due to ion selective migration, unique molecular separation modalities, confined environments to allow biopolymer stretching and elongation and solid-phase bioreactions that are not constrained by mass transport artifacts. Indeed, many examples in the literature have demonstrated these unique opportunities, although predominately using glass, fused silica or silicon as the substrate material. Polymer microfluidics has established itself as an alternative to glass, fused silica, or silicon-based fluidic devices. The primary advantages arising from the use of polymers are the diverse fabrication protocols that can be used to produce the desired structures, the extensive array of physiochemical properties associated with different polymeric materials, and the simple and robust modification strategies that can be employed to alter the substrate's surface chemistry. However, while the strengths of polymer microfluidics is currently being realized, the evolution of polymer-based nanofluidics has only recently been reported. In this critical review, the opportunities afforded by polymer-based nanofluidics will be discussed using both elastomeric and thermoplastic materials. In particular, various fabrication modalities will be discussed along with the nanometre size domains that they can achieve for both elastomer and thermoplastic materials. Different polymer substrates that can be used for nanofluidics will be presented along with comparisons to inorganic nanodevices and the consequences of material differences on the fabrication and operation of nanofluidic devices (257 references).