High relatedness maintains multicellular cooperation in a social amoeba by controlling cheater mutants
High relatedness maintains multicellular cooperation in a social amoeba by controlling cheater mutants
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0702723104
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发表时间：
2007-05-22
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Queller, David C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gilbert, Owen M.;Foster, Kevin R.;Queller, David C.
控制作弊对于理解从最简单的基因到最复杂的社会的进化过程中的重大转变非常重要。如果降低群体生产力的作弊者能够扩散，合作系统就会被破坏。亲属选择理论预测，高遗传相关性可以限制作弊，因为作弊者和合作者的分离限制了作弊的机会，并促进了对低适应度作弊者群体的选择。在这里，我们证实了这一预测的社会阿米巴Dictyosteflum discoideum;在自然野生群体的相关性是如此之高，社会破坏性的骗子不应该蔓延。我们在实验室中说明了高相关性如何控制一个突变体，在低相关性下破坏合作。最后，我们证明，正如预测的那样，突变的骗子通常不会损害合作的自然人口。我们的研究表明，利他主义是如何从这种突变骗子的破坏性影响中得到保护的，以及细胞之间异常高的相关性在促进多细胞发育的基础合作方面是多么重要。
The control of cheating is important for understanding major transitions in evolution, from the simplest genes to the most complex societies. Cooperative systems can be ruined if cheaters that lower group productivity are able to spread. Kin-selection theory predicts that high genetic relatedness can limit cheating, because separation of cheaters and cooperators limits opportunities to cheat and promotes selection against low-fitness groups of cheaters. Here, we confirm this prediction for the social amoeba Dictyosteflum discoideum; relatedness in natural wild groups is so high that socially destructive cheaters should not spread. We illustrate in the laboratory how high relatedness can control a mutant that would destroy cooperation at low relatedness. Finally, we demonstrate that, as predicted, mutant cheaters do not normally harm cooperation in a natural population. Ourfinclings show how altruism is preserved from the disruptive effects of such mutant cheaters and how exceptionally high relatedness among cells is important in promoting the cooperation that underlies multicellular development.