Properties of visually guided saccadic behavior and bottom-up attention in marmoset, macaque, and human
Properties of visually guided saccadic behavior and bottom-up attention in marmoset, macaque, and human
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00312.2020
复制
发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Isa, Tadashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Chih-Yang;Matrov, Denis;Isa, Tadashi
眼跳是一种刻板行为，其研究可以提高我们对灵长类动物大脑如何实现精确运动控制的理解。此外，眼跳提供了了解大脑认知和注意力状态的重要窗口。从历史上看，眼跳研究很大程度上依赖于猕猴。然而，在猕猴中产生扫视命令的皮层网络很难研究，因为相关的皮层区域位于脑沟深处并且难以到达。最近，一只新世界猴。狨猴因其光滑的皮质表面等优点而作为猕猴的替代品而受到关注。然而，由于缺乏对狨猴扫视运动学及其执行心理物理任务的能力的深入描述，狨猴用于动眼运动研究的采用受到限制。在这里，我们直接比较狨猴、猕猴和人类在相似条件下执行相同任务的自由观看和视觉引导行为。在视频免费观看任务中，尽管参数不同，但所有物种都表现出性质相似的扫视运动学，振幅高达 25 度。此外，传统的自下而上显着性模型以相似的速率预测所有物种的注视目标。我们通过步进和间隙扫视任务训练他们，进一步验证了他们的视觉引导行为。在步骤范式中，狨猴在向上扫视时没有表现出较短的扫视反应时间，而猕猴和人类则表现出较短的扫视反应时间。在间隙范式中，所有物种都表现出相似的间隙效应和快速眼跳。我们的研究结果表明，狨猴可以作为动眼神经、注意力和认知研究的模型，但我们需要意识到它们与猕猴或人类的差异。新的和值得注意的我们直接比较了三个不同物种（狨猴、猕猴和人类）的视频自由观看任务和视觉引导扫视任务（步数和间隙）的结果。我们发现所有物种都表现出性质相似的扫视运动学和显着性驱动的扫视行为，尽管参数不同。我们的结果表明，狨猴具有与猕猴和人类相似的扫视控制神经机制，是研究主动视觉和注意力神经机制的合适模型。
Saccades are stereotypic behaviors whose investigation improves our understanding of how primate brains implement precise motor control. Furthermore, saccades offer an important window into the cognitive and attentional state of the brain. Historically, saccade studies have largely relied on macaques. However, the cortical network giving rise to the saccadic command is difficult to study in macaques because relevant cortical areas lie in deep sulci and are difficult to access. Recently, a New World mon -key. the marmoset, has garnered attention as an alternative to macaques because of advantages including its smooth cortical surface. However, adoption of the marmoset for oculomotor research has been limited due to a lack of in-depth descriptions of marmoset saccade kinematics and their ability to perform psychophysical tasks. Here, we directly compare free-viewing and vis-ually guided behavior of marmoset, macaque, and human engaged in identical tasks under similar conditions. In the video free-viewing task, all species exhibited qualitatively similar saccade kinematics up to 25 degrees in amplitude although with different parame-ters. Furthermore, the conventional bottom-up saliency model predicted gaze targets at similar rates for all species. We further verified their visually guided behavior by training them with step and gap saccade tasks. In the step paradigm, marmosets did not show shorter saccade reaction time for upward saccades whereas macaques and humans did. In the gap paradigm, all spe-cies showed similar gap effect and express saccades. Our results suggest that the marmoset can serve as a model for oculomo-tor, attentional, and cognitive research while we need to be aware of their difference from macaque or human.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We directly compared the results of a video free-viewing task and visually guided saccade tasks (step and gap) among three different species: marmoset, macaque, and human. We found that all species exhibit qualitatively similar saccadic kinematics and saliency-driven saccadic behavior albeit with different parameters. Our results suggest that the marmo-set possesses similar neural mechanisms to macaque and human for saccadic control, and it is an appropriate model to study neural mechanisms for active vision and attention.