Tree species that ‘live slow, die older’ enhance tropical peat swamp restoration: Evidence from a systematic review
Tree species that ‘live slow, die older’ enhance tropical peat swamp restoration: Evidence from a systematic review
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“活得慢、死得老”的树种可增强热带泥炭沼泽的恢复：来自系统评价的证据
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.14232
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Rahman NEB and Shiodera S et. al.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith SW;Rahman NEB and Shiodera S et. al.
退化的热带泥炭地缺乏树木覆盖，经常遭受季节性洪水和反复燃烧。因此，这些树苗生存和生长的恶劣环境对重新植被具有挑战性。通过对东南亚退化泥炭地树种的生存和生长情况进行系统回顾，研究了（1）树种差异，（2）幼苗和立地处理对存活和生长的影响;（3）植物功能性状在预测幼苗存活率和生长速率方面的潜在用途。通过系统回顾期刊文章、会议记录、报告、论文和未发表的数据集。总共纳入了94个研究地点，从1988年到2019年的三十年中，包括141种本土泥炭地树木和棕榈物种。考虑到不同的种植数量和监测持续时间，我们分析了生存和生长的三个指标：（1）最终存活率（以种植的幼苗数量加权），（2）半衰期，即直至50%死亡率的持续时间，以及（3）相对生长率（RGR）（根据幼苗的初始种植高度校正）。所有物种的平均最终存活率为62%，半衰期为33个月，网站和治疗。种属在存活率和半衰期方面存在显著差异。幼苗和场地处理的影响较小，最强的是菌根真菌接种幼苗的存活率较高;遮荫幼苗时存活率、半衰期和RGR较低;施肥幼苗时RGR较低，存活率较高。叶片营养和木材密度性状预测TPSF物种生存，但不是半衰期和RGR。RGR和半衰期呈负相关，这意味着生长较慢的物种存活时间更长。合成和应用。为了推进热带泥炭沼泽再造林，需要扩大种植物种的数量和复制，并通过采用对照与处理实验设计来测试处理。物种选择应涉及生长较慢的物种（如Lophopetalum rigidum，Alstonia spatulata，Madhuca motleyana），生存时间较长，并根据与营养物质获取，耐淹性和火灾恢复相关的功能特性筛选物种。
Degraded tropical peatlands lack tree cover and are often subject to seasonal flooding and repeated burning. These harsh environments for tree seedlings to survive and grow are therefore challenging to revegetate. Knowledge on species performance from previous plantings represents an important evidence base to help guide future tropical peat swamp forest (TPSF) restoration efforts.We conducted a systematic review of the survival and growth of tree species planted in degraded peatlands across Southeast Asia to examine (1) species differences, (2) the impact of seedling and site treatments on survival and growth and (3) the potential use of plant functional traits to predict seedling survival and growth rates.Planted seedling monitoring data were compiled through a systematic review of journal articles, conference proceedings, reports, theses and unpublished datasets. In total, 94 study‐sites were included, spanning three decades from 1988 to 2019, and including 141 indigenous peatland tree and palm species. Accounting for variable planting numbers and monitoring durations, we analysed three measures of survival and growth: (1) final survival weighted by the number of seedlings planted, (2) half‐life, that is, duration until 50% mortality and (3) relative growth rates (RGR) corrected for initial planting height of seedlings.Average final survival was 62% and half‐life was 33 months across all species, sites and treatments. Species differed significantly in survival and half‐life. Seedling and site treatments had small effects with the strongest being higher survival of mycorrhizal fungi inoculated seedlings; lower survival, half‐life and RGR when shading seedlings; and lower RGR and higher survival when fertilising seedlings. Leaf nutrient and wood density traits predicted TPSF species survival, but not half‐life and RGR. RGR and half‐life were negatively correlated, meaning that slower growing species survived for longer.Synthesis and applications. To advance tropical peat swamp reforestation requires expanding the number and replication of species planted and testing treatments by adopting control vs. treatment experimental designs. Species selection should involve slower growing species (e.g.Lophopetalum rigidum, Alstonia spatulata, Madhuca motleyana) that survive for longer and explore screening species based on functional traits associated with nutrient acquisition, flooding tolerance and recovery from fire.