Ice flow and mass continuity of Shumsky Glacier in the Djungarski Alatau Range of Kazakhstan, Central Asia
Ice flow and mass continuity of Shumsky Glacier in the Djungarski Alatau Range of Kazakhstan, Central Asia
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中亚哈萨克斯坦 Djungarski Alatau 山脉 Shumsky 冰川的冰流和质量连续性
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Hastenrath
中科院分区：
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作者：
Piotr A. Cherkasov;Galia S. Ahmetova;S. Hastenrath
哈萨克斯坦东南部 Djungarski Alatau 山脉 Shumsky 冰川的冰川学监测计划包括 1967 年至 1991 年期间在 200 多个桩网络中测量水平表面冰流速度、净平衡和出现速度，以及 1984 年通过双经纬仪三角测量绘制冰面地形图以及通过无线电回波探测确定冰厚度和基岩地形。在这里一起进行评估，以推断出舒姆斯基冰川的长期平均动态行为。冰川绵延3100米至4400米，总面积3平方公里，长度近4公里。最大表面速度为 20 m yr−1 ，最大体积通量为 9 × 105 m3 yr−1 ，位于平衡线高度附近 3680 m 左右。冰量当量净平衡在积聚区平均为+0.5 m yr−1，在终点附近变为约-1.5 m yr−1。积聚区的潜流在下部冰川中变为出现 1 m yr−1 。冰川中部的冰薄化率小于 0.1 m yr−1，在终点附近增加到 2.5 m yr−1，整个冰川的平均薄化率为 0.12 m yr−1。事实上，舒姆斯基冰川与平衡状态几乎没有什么不同，它比 Djungarski Alatau 的其他冰川处于更有利的位置。然而，冰流减慢、净平衡负值增加和冰变薄速度加快的趋势表明对日益不利的气候环境的反应。
The glaciological monitoring program on the Shumsky Glacier in the Djungarski Alatau Range of southeastern Kazakhstan has included measurements of horizontal surface ice flow velocity, net balance, and emergence velocity at a network of more than 200 stakes during 1967–1991, as well as mappings of the ice surface topography by double-theodolite triangulation and determination of ice thickness and of bedrock topography by radio echo sounding in 1984. These observations are here evaluated together to deduce the long-term average dynamic behavior of Shumsky Glacier. The glacier extends between 3100 and 4400 m with a total area of 3 km2 and length of nearly 4 km. Maximum surface velocity is 20 m yr−1 and maximum volume flux 9 × 105 m3 yr−1, located near the equilibrium line altitude around 3680 m. The ice-volume-equivalent net balance is +0.5 m yr−1 in the average over the accumulation area, changing to about −1.5 m yr−1 near the terminus. The submergent flow in the accumulation area changes to emergence of 1 m yr−1 in the lower glacier. The rate of ice thinning is less than 0.1 m yr−1 in the middle glacier, increases to 2.5 m yr−1 near the terminus, and averages 0.12 m yr−1 for the glacier as whole. In fact, the Shumsky glacier differs little from equilibrium, being in a more favorable location that the other glaciers of the Djungarski Alatau. However, trends toward slower ice flow, more negative net balance, and faster rate of ice thinning indicate response to a progressively adverse climatic environment.