Femur loading in feet-first fall experiments using an anthropomorphic test device.
Femur loading in feet-first fall experiments using an anthropomorphic test device.
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使用拟人测试装置进行脚先跌落实验中的股骨负载。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jflm.2018.03.017
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Smalley,Craig
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thompson,Angela;Bertocci,Gina;Smalley,Craig
背景股骨骨折是幼儿常见的骨科损伤。幼儿股骨意外骨折的很大一部分是由跌倒造成的，但虐待儿童中股骨骨折的发生率也很高，而跌倒事件往往被作为虚假历史提供。有关短距离跌倒情况下骨折可能性的客观信息可能有助于评估儿童的伤害是否是由于虐待或意外跌倒造成的。了解股骨负载是了解跌倒时骨折可能性的第一步。目的使用代表 12 个月大儿童的代理人来表征脚先自由落体时的股骨负载。方法对代表 12 个月大儿童的代理人的股骨和髋关节进行修改，以提高生物保真度并测量股骨负载； 6 轴称重传感器集成到股骨近端和远端。股骨修改基于 10-14 个月大儿童尸体股骨的 CT 成像。使用改良后的 12 个月大替代者，从 69 厘米和 119 厘米高度自由落体到软垫地毯和油毡上，以评估跌落动力学并确定股骨负荷。每次跌倒时都会测量股骨压缩、弯矩、剪切和扭转力矩。结果跌倒动力学随跌落高度的不同而有所不同，但因撞击表面类型的不同而没有显着差异。在坠落高度的所有载荷条件下都发现显着差异，而地毯和油毡表面之间只有压缩和弯曲载荷不同。 119cm跌倒时最大压缩力、弯曲力、扭转力和剪切力分别为572N、23N-m、11N-m和281N。结论跌倒动力学在跌倒生物力学评估中发挥着重要作用。研究发现，跌倒高度会影响跌倒动力学和股骨负载，而冲击面仅影响脚先跌落时的压缩和弯曲；地毯和油毡的坠落动力学没有差异。提高儿科阈值对于预测骨折的可能性是必要的，但下肢的形态学准确表示以及跌倒时负荷的准确表征是至关重要的第一步。
BackgroundFemur fractures are a common orthopedic injury in young children. Falls account for a large portion of accidental femur fractures in young children, but there is also a high prevalence of femur fractures in child abuse, with falls often provided as false histories. Objective information regarding fracture potential in short distance fall scenarios may aid in assessing whether a child's injuries are the result of abuse or an accidental fall. Knowledge of femur loading is the first step towards understanding likelihood of fracture in a fall.ObjectiveCharacterize femur loading during feet-first free falls using a surrogate representing a 12-month-old child.MethodsThe femur and hip joint of a surrogate representing a 12-month-old were modified to improve biofidelity and measure femur loading; 6-axis load cells were integrated into the proximal and distal femur. Femur modification was based upon CT imaging of cadaveric femurs in children 10–14 months of age. Using the modified 12-month-old surrogate, feet-first free falls from 69 cm and 119 cm heights onto padded carpet and linoleum were conducted to assess fall dynamics and determine femur loading. Femur compression, bending moment, shear and torsional moment were measured for each fall.ResultsFall dynamics differed across fall heights, but did not substantially differ by impact surface type. Significant differences were found in all loading conditions across fall heights, while only compression and bending loads differed between carpet and linoleum surfaces. Maximum compression, bending, torsion and shear occurred in 119 cm falls and were 572 N, 23 N-m, 11 N-m and 281 N, respectively.ConclusionsFall dynamics play an important role in the biomechanical assessment of falls. Fall height was found to influence both fall dynamics and femur loading, while impact surface affected only compression and bending in feet-first falls; fall dynamics did not differ across carpet and linoleum. Improved pediatric thresholds are necessary to predict likelihood of fracture, but morphologically accurate representation of the lower extremity, along with accurate characterization of loading in falls are a crucial first step.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Rueda, M. A. Forero;Gilchrist, M. D.
通讯作者：
Gilchrist, M. D.
幼儿头部损伤：100 名 2 岁以下住院患者的机制、损伤类型和眼科表现。
影响因子：
8
作者：
A. Duhaime;A. Alario;W. Lewander;L. Schut;L. Sutton;T. Seidl;S. Nudelman;D. Budenz;R. Hertle;W. Tsiaras
通讯作者：
W. Tsiaras
婴儿致密骨某些物理特性的研究。
DOI：
10.3109/17453676508989361
发表时间：
1965
期刊：
Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Hirsch;F. Evans
通讯作者：
F. Evans
原型 Hybrid III 6 岁 ATD 下肢的生物保真度评估
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
L. Boucher;Julie A. Bing;J. Bolte
通讯作者：
J. Bolte
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
von Heideken, Johan;Svensson, Tobias;Janarv, Per-Mats
通讯作者：
Janarv, Per-Mats