PROTECTION FROM ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE IN CALIFORNIA - THE CASE FOR A SMOKE-FREE WORKPLACE
PROTECTION FROM ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE IN CALIFORNIA - THE CASE FOR A SMOKE-FREE WORKPLACE
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.268.6.749
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发表时间：
1992-08-12
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
BAL, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BORLAND, R;PIERCE, JP;BAL, D
客观。-根据工作场所吸烟政策、工作区域、工作场所大小和人口统计学特征，确定非吸烟室内工作人员暴露于环境烟草烟雾（ETS）的程度。参与者包括7162名成年人，不吸烟，室内工作者谁被采访的一部分，1990年加州烟草调查。受访者被问及是否有人在过去2周内在他们的工作区域吸烟。1990年，估计有220万加州非吸烟者在室内工作场所接触烟草烟雾。在无烟工作场所工作的非吸烟者暴露于ETS的比例为9.3%，在只有工作区域限制的工作场所工作的非吸烟者暴露于ETS的比例为23.2%，在没有工作场所吸烟政策的工作场所工作的非吸烟者暴露于ETS的比例为46.7%，在没有工作场所吸烟政策的工作场所工作的非吸烟者暴露于ETS的比例为51.4%。在对工作区域类型（例如，办公室、开放区域）、工作场所大小和人口统计学因素进行调整后，确定在只有工作区域禁令的地方工作的非吸烟者比在无烟工作场所工作的人暴露于ETS的可能性高2.8倍。在没有政策或政策不覆盖工作区域的工作场所，不吸烟者接触ETS的可能性是在无烟工作场所工作的人的八倍多。年龄在18至24岁之间的非吸烟者，男性或西班牙裔，以及那些受教育程度低于高中的人更多地接触ETS。这些结果表明，充分保护非吸烟者免受ETS暴露需要无烟工作场所。
Objective.-To determine the extent of exposure of nonsmoking indoor workers to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) according to type of work-site smoking policy, work area, workplace size, and demographic characteristics.Design and Participants.-Participants included 7162 adult, nonsmoking, indoor workers who were interviewed as part of the 1990 California Tobacco Survey. Respondents were asked whether anyone had smoked in their work area within the past 2 weeks.Results.-An estimated 2.2 million California nonsmokers were exposed to tobacco smoke at indoor work sites in 1990. Nonsmoker exposure to ETS was 9.3% for those working in a smoke-free worksite, 23.2% for those working where there was only a work-area restriction, 46.7% for those working where there was a policy that did not include the work area, and 51.4% for those working where there was no work-site smoking policy. After adjustment for type of work area (eg, office, open area), workplace size, and demographic factors, it was determined that nonsmokers working where there was only a work-area ban were 2.8 times more likely to be exposed to ETS than those working in a smoke-free work site. In workplaces with no policy or a policy not covering the work area, nonsmokers were over eight times more likely to be exposed to ETS than those who worked in a smoke-free work site. Nonsmokers who were 18 to 24 years of age, male, or Hispanic, and those with less than a high school education had more exposure to ETS.Conclusion.-These results indicate that adequate protection of nonsmokers from ETS exposure requires a smoke-free work site.