Innate Immune Defenses in Human Tuberculosis: An Overview of the Interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Innate Immune Cells.
Innate Immune Defenses in Human Tuberculosis: An Overview of the Interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Innate Immune Cells.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1155/2015/747543
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Rengarajan J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sia JK;Georgieva M;Rengarajan J
结核病（TB）仍然是一个严重的全球公共卫生问题，每年导致多达200万人死亡。结核病是由人类病原体结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）引起的，它主要感染巡逻肺部的先天免疫细胞。先天免疫细胞通过确定肺中的炎性环境并促进适应性免疫应答的产生来充当针对Mtb感染的免疫应答的晴雨表。然而，先天免疫细胞也是细菌复制的潜在小生境，并且容易被Mtb操纵。我们对结核分枝杆菌和先天免疫细胞之间的早期相互作用的理解是有限的，特别是在人类感染的背景下。这篇综述将集中在结核分枝杆菌与人类巨噬细胞，树突状细胞，中性粒细胞和NK细胞的相互作用和详细的证据表明，结核分枝杆菌对这些细胞的调制产生负面影响结核分枝杆菌特异性免疫反应。此外，这篇综述将强调通过人类免疫遗传学研究发现的重要先天免疫途径。深入了解人类对Mtb感染的先天免疫应答对于为增强针对Mtb感染的免疫应答提供合理的基础是必要的，特别是关于产生有效的抗TB免疫治疗剂和疫苗。
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious global public health problem that results in up to 2 million deaths each year. TB is caused by the human pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which infects primarily innate immune cells patrolling the lung. Innate immune cells serve as barometers of the immune response against Mtb infection by determining the inflammatory milieu in the lungs and promoting the generation of adaptive immune responses. However, innate immune cells are also potential niches for bacterial replication and are readily manipulated by Mtb. Our understanding of the early interactions between Mtb and innate immune cells is limited, especially in the context of human infection. This review will focus on Mtb interactions with human macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and NK cells and detail evidence that Mtb modulation of these cells negatively impacts Mtb-specific immune responses. Furthermore, this review will emphasize important innate immune pathways uncovered through human immunogenetic studies. Insights into the human innate immune response to Mtb infection are necessary for providing a rational basis for the augmentation of immune responses against Mtb infection, especially with respect to the generation of effective anti-TB immunotherapeutics and vaccines.