An ultra wideband communication channel model for capsule endoscopy
An ultra wideband communication channel model for capsule endoscopy
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DOI：
10.1109/isabel.2010.5702854
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发表时间：
2010-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Støa;R. Chávez-Santiago;I. Balasingham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Støa;R. Chávez-Santiago;I. Balasingham
胶囊式内窥镜是一种越来越受欢迎的替代用于诊断胃肠道疾病的管状内窥镜。它能够检查传统内窥镜不易触及的区域，并减少患者的不适。除了传输高容量要求的图像数据外，胶囊的无线接口还必须提供无线链路，以实现胶囊的实时定位和跟踪。超宽带（UWB）接口由于其固有的低功耗、高传输速率、精确的定位特性和简单的电子器件而在这种应用的通信链路中具有巨大的潜力。然而，准确的知识的传播信道是必要的有效设计这样的UWB无线通信系统。本文提出了一种在3.4-4.8 GHz频段的UWB脉冲在消化道中传播的信道模型。为了开发该模型，使用包括人体组织介电特性的体素解剖模型进行数值电磁（EM）模拟;使用该EM模拟器计算许多体内探头的通道响应。基于对所获得的数据的分析，我们提供了数学表达式来计算平均路径损耗及其在腹部周围的几个接收器位置的分布。我们提出的模型为设计人员提供了一个重要的工具，可以很好地近似消化道的体内通道特性，从而消除了耗时和复杂的数值模拟的需要。
Capsule endoscopy is an increasingly popular alternative to a tube-based endoscope used in diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases. It enables the inspection of areas that are not easily accessible using traditional endoscopy and reduces patient discomfort. In addition to transferring high-capacity demanding image data, the capsule's wireless interface must provide a wireless link that enables real-time positioning and tracking of the capsule. Ultra wideband (UWB) interfaces have great potential for the communication links of this application due to their inherent low power consumption, high transmission rates, accurate localization properties and simple electronics. However, accurate knowledge of the propagation channel is essential for efficient design of such UWB wireless communication systems. This paper presents a channel model for the propagation of a UWB pulse in the digestive tract in the 3.4–4.8 GHz frequency band. For the development of this model, numerical electromagnetic (EM) simulations were conducted using a voxel anatomical model that includes the dielectric properties of human tissues; using this EM simulator the channel responses of many in-body probes were computed. Based on the analysis of the obtained data we provide the mathematical expressions to calculate the average path loss and its distribution at several receiver locations surrounding the abdomen. Our proposed model gives designers an important tool that approximates well the digestive tract's in-body channel properties, thereby eliminating the need for time consuming and complex numerical simulations.