The development of self-regulation in the first four years of life
The development of self-regulation in the first four years of life
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00336
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Murray, KT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kochanska, G;Coy, KC;Murray, KT
本研究纵向考察了108名幼儿在生命的前4年自我调节的发展。研究了儿童的承诺遵守（当他们热切地接受母亲的议程）和情境遵守（当他们合作，但没有真诚的承诺）。这两种形式的遵守观察到“做”的情况下，母亲要求孩子保持不愉快的，乏味的行为，并在“不”的情况下，他们要求孩子抑制愉快的，有吸引力的行为。儿童的内化，而单独在类似的情况下进行了研究。在儿童14、22、33和45个月大时进行平行评估。在所有年龄段，“做”的情境对孩子来说都比“不”的情境更具挑战性。女孩在承诺服从方面超过了男孩。这两种形式的依从性都是纵向稳定的，但仅在特定的背景下。儿童的恐惧和努力的控制，观察和母亲报告，正相关的承诺遵守，但主要是在不要的情况下。承诺，但不是情境，遵守与儿童的内化母亲的规则，观察时，儿童独自在做和不上下文。这些联系是同时和纵向的，特定的背景下，和显着的，即使在控制了母亲的权力主张。有适度的初步证据表明，承诺的遵守可能会推广到与母亲以外的成年人的互动。
This study examined longitudinally the development of self-regulation in 108 young children during the first 4 years of life. Children's committed compliance (when they eagerly embraced maternal agenda) and situational compliance (when they cooperated, but without a sincere commitment) were studied. Both forms of compliance were observed in "Do" contexts, in which the mothers requested that the children sustain unpleasant, tedious behavior, and in "Don't" contexts, in which they requested that the children suppress pleasant, attractive behavior. Children's internalization while alone in the similar contexts was also studied. Parallel assessments were conducted when the children were 14, 22, 33, and 45 months of age. At all ages, the Do context was much more challenging for children than the Don't context. Girls surpassed boys in committed compliance. Both forms of compliance were longitudinally stable, but only within a given context. Children's fearfulness and effortful control, observed and mother reported, correlated positively with committed compliance, but mostly in the Don't context. Committed, but not situational, compliance was linked to children's internalization of maternal rules, observed when the children were alone in the Do and Don't contexts. These links were both concurrent and longitudinal, context specific, and significant even after controlling for maternal power assertion. There was modest preliminary evidence that committed compliance may generalize to interactions with adults other than the mother.