Anthropogenic Iron Deposition Alters the Ecosystem and Carbon Balance of the Indian Ocean Over a Centennial Timescale
Anthropogenic Iron Deposition Alters the Ecosystem and Carbon Balance of the Indian Ocean Over a Centennial Timescale
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人为铁沉积在百年时间内改变了印度洋的生态系统和碳平衡
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Ito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anh L. D. Pham;T. Ito
<p>印度洋浮游植物的生长通常受到北部大量营养素（氮：N和磷：P）和南部微量营养素（铁：Fe）的限制。因此，增加人为大气沉积的N和溶解铁（dFe）到海洋中，可以导致海洋生态系统在这个海洋盆地的显着响应。以往的模拟研究调查的影响，人为的营养盐沉积对海洋，但他们的结果是不确定的，由于不完整的代表性的铁循环。我们使用一个国家的最先进的海洋生态系统和铁循环模型，以评估在印度洋的海洋生产力和碳吸收的瞬态响应，专注于百年的时间尺度。该模型结合了所有主要的外部来源，并代表了一个复杂的内部循环过程的Fe，从而显示出显着的改进，在再现观测。敏感性模拟表明，经过一个世纪的人为沉积，dFe的增加刺激了南印度洋极地50 S和东南热带地区的硅藻生产力。硅藻生产减弱，在南部的阿拉伯海，由于磷的限制，和硅藻是由颗石藻和微型浮游生物，有一个较低的P需求的竞争。硅藻和颗石藻产量的这些变化改变了印度洋有机物和碳酸盐泵之间的平衡，增加了50 ° S以南和东南热带地区的碳吸收，同时减少了阿拉伯海的碳吸收。我们的研究结果揭示了生态系统动力学的重要作用，在控制的敏感性，在印度洋的影响下，人类营养盐沉积超过百年的时间尺度的碳通量。</p>
<p>Phytoplankton growth in the Indian Ocean is generally limited by macronutrients (nitrogen: N and phosphorus: P) in the north and by micronutrient (iron: Fe) in the south. Increasing anthropogenic atmospheric deposition of N and dissolved Fe (dFe) into the ocean can thus lead to significant responses from marine ecosystems in this ocean basin. Previous modeling studies investigated the impacts of anthropogenic nutrient deposition on the ocean, but their results are uncertain due to incomplete representations of Fe cycling. We use a state-of-the-art ocean ecosystem and Fe cycling model to evaluate the transient responses of ocean productivity and carbon uptake in the Indian Ocean, focusing on the centennial time scale. The model incorporates all major external sources and represents a complicated internal cycling process of Fe, thus showing significant improvements in reproducing observations. Sensitivity simulations show that after a century of anthropogenic deposition, increased dFe stimulates diatoms productivity in the southern Indian Ocean poleward of 50⁰S and the southeastern tropics. Diatoms production weakens in the south of the Arabian Sea due to the P limitation, and diatoms are outcompeted there by coccolithophores and picoplankton, which have a lower P demand. These changes in diatoms and coccolithophores productions alter the balance between the organic and carbonate pumps in the Indian Ocean, increasing the carbon uptake in the south of 50⁰S and the southeastern tropics while decreasing it in the Arabian Sea. Our results reveal the important role of ecosystem dynamics in controlling the sensitivity of carbon fluxes in the Indian Ocean under the impact of anthropogenic nutrient deposition over a centennial timescale.</p>
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影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Baker, Alex R.;Kanakidou, Maria;Prospero, Joseph M.
通讯作者：
Prospero, Joseph M.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Hickman, A. E.;Dutkiewicz, S.;Follows, M. J.
通讯作者：
Follows, M. J.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Tagliabue, Alessandro;Aumont, Olivier;Yool, Andrew
通讯作者：
Yool, Andrew
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Wang, Wei-Lei;Moore, J. Keith;Primeau, Francois W.
通讯作者：
Primeau, Francois W.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Dutkiewicz, S.;Ward, B. A.;Follows, M. J.
通讯作者：
Follows, M. J.