Protecting the herd: the remarkable effectiveness of the bacterial meningitis polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines in altering transmission dynamics.
Protecting the herd: the remarkable effectiveness of the bacterial meningitis polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines in altering transmission dynamics.
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保护牛群：细菌性脑膜炎多糖-蛋白质结合疫苗在改变传播动态方面具有显着效果。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Stephens
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Stephens
通过新的胶囊多糖-蛋白质结合疫苗(PPCV)阻断细菌性脑膜炎的病原体(脑膜炎奈瑟菌、流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌)在人与人之间的传播已被证明是疫苗有效性的显著(和意想不到的)贡献。群体免疫占C群脑膜炎球菌PPCV、肺炎球菌PPCV7和流感嗜血杆菌b型PPCV保护作用的∼50%。对于疫苗血清型，鼻咽携带可减少75%；在未接种疫苗的个体中，携带减少与疾病的减少相关，并且群体免疫的影响持续数年。在这些数据的基础上，撒哈拉以南非洲正在建立在基于疫苗的预防战略中使用群体免疫的模式，以控制脑膜炎。虽然群体免疫的免疫学基础及其对微生物生物学的影响需要更多的研究，但通过改变病原体传播动力学来保护未接种者是PPCV的强大作用，在疫苗引进、实施和评估策略中越来越重要。
Interrupting human-to-human transmission of the agents (Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae) of bacterial meningitis by new capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines (PPCVs) has proven to be a remarkable (and unanticipated) contributor to vaccine effectiveness. Herd immunity accounts for ∼50% of the protection by meningococcal serogroup C PPCVs, pneumococcal PPCV7, and H. influenzae b PPCVs. Nasopharyngeal carriage can be reduced ≥75% for vaccine serotypes; the decrease in carriage is correlated with disease reduction in unvaccinated individuals, and the impact of herd immunity lasts for years. Based on these data, models for using herd immunity in vaccine-based prevention strategies are underway for control of meningitis in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the immunologic basis of herd immunity and impact on microbial biology need more study, protecting the unvaccinated by altering pathogen transmission dynamics is a powerful effect of PPCVs and increasingly important in vaccine introduction, implementation, and evaluation strategies.
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Zhang, Zhe;Clarke, Thomas B.;Weiser, Jeffrey N.
通讯作者：
Weiser, Jeffrey N.