Cholesterol-induced macrophage apoptosis requires ER stress pathways and engagement of the type A scavenger receptor.

Cholesterol-induced macrophage apoptosis requires ER stress pathways and engagement of the type A scavenger receptor.
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胆固醇诱导的巨噬细胞凋亡需要A型A型清道夫受体的ER应力途径和参与度。

DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200502078
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发表时间:
2005-10-10
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Tabas I
Tabas I
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Devries-Seimon T;Li Y;Yao PM;Stone E;Wang Y;Davis RJ;Flavell R;Tabas I

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晚期动脉粥样硬化中的巨噬细胞死亡促进坏死和斑块不稳定。巨噬细胞死亡的一个可能原因是ER中游离胆固醇(FC)的积累,导致未折叠蛋白反应(UPR)和C/EBP同源蛋白(CHOP)诱导的细胞凋亡的激活。在这里,我们表明,p38 MAPK信号是必要的CHOP诱导和凋亡。此外,另外两个信号通路必须与p38-CHOP合作以影响凋亡。一种是A型清道夫受体(SRA)。作为证据,通过非SRA机制的FC负载激活p38和CHOP,但不激活凋亡,除非SRA参与。另一个途径涉及c-Jun NH 2-末端激酶(JNK)2,它被胆固醇运输到ER激活,但不依赖于CHOP。因此,FC诱导的细胞凋亡需要胆固醇运输到ER,这触发p38-CHOP和JNK 2,以及SRA的参与。这些发现对于理解UPR、MAPKs和SRA如何共同导致巨噬细胞死亡、病变坏死和斑块不稳定具有重要意义。
Macrophage death in advanced atherosclerosis promotes necrosis and plaque destabilization. A likely cause of macrophage death is accumulation of free cholesterol (FC) in the ER, leading to activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)–induced apoptosis. Here we show that p38 MAPK signaling is necessary for CHOP induction and apoptosis. Additionally, two other signaling pathways must cooperate with p38-CHOP to effect apoptosis. One involves the type A scavenger receptor (SRA). As evidence, FC loading by non-SRA mechanisms activates p38 and CHOP, but not apoptosis unless the SRA is engaged. The other pathway involves c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)2, which is activated by cholesterol trafficking to the ER, but is independent of CHOP. Thus, FC-induced apoptosis requires cholesterol trafficking to the ER, which triggers p38-CHOP and JNK2, and engagement of the SRA. These findings have important implications for understanding how the UPR, MAPKs, and the SRA might conspire to cause macrophage death, lesional necrosis, and plaque destabilization in advanced atherosclerotic lesions.
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