Willingness to Communicate in the Second Language: Understanding the Decision to Speak as a Volitional Process
Willingness to Communicate in the Second Language: Understanding the Decision to Speak as a Volitional Process
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用第二语言交流的意愿：将说话的决定理解为一个意志过程
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Macintyre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Macintyre
以往的研究将大量的注意力放在描述特质水平或情境特定变量之间的长期模式和关系上。本文从语言焦虑和语言学习动机的相关文献中提取出一些智慧的核心，用来构建这样的论点：选择在某个特定时刻发起交流可以被概念化为一个自愿（自由选择）的过程。其结果是一定程度的沟通意愿（WTC），随着形势的变化有可能迅速上升和下降。本文描述了以往基于定性和定量方法的研究，这些研究表明了创建WTC所涉及的过程的复杂性。本文认为，当机会出现时，必须调整方法，以关注选择开始或避免第二语言交际的动态过程。
Previous research has devoted a great deal of attention to describing the long-term patterns and relationships among trait-level or situation-specific variables. The present discussion extracts kernels of wisdom, based on the literatures on language anxiety and language learning motivation, that are used to frame the argument that choosing to initiate communication at a particular moment in time can be conceptualized as a volitional (freely chosen) process. The result is a degree of willingness to communicate (WTC) with the potential to rise and fall rapidly as the situation changes. Previous research based on both qualitative and quantitative methodologies is described that demonstrates the complexity of the processes involved in creating WTC. It is argued that methodologies must be adapted to focus upon the dynamic process of choosing to initiate or avoid second language communication when the opportunity arises.