Anatomical and functional demonstration of a multisynaptic suprachiasmatic nucleus adrenal (cortex) pathway
Anatomical and functional demonstration of a multisynaptic suprachiasmatic nucleus adrenal (cortex) pathway
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00575.x
复制
发表时间：
1999-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kalsbeek, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buijs, RM;Wortel, J;Kalsbeek, A
鉴于越来越多的证据表明，视交叉上核（SCN）是直接参与设置的肾上腺皮质对ACTH的敏感性，本研究调查SCN和肾上腺之间可能的解剖和功能连接。从肾上腺Transneuronal病毒示踪显示一阶标记的神经元中的中间-外侧柱的脊髓，被证明接收输入催产素纤维和随后的二阶标记的室旁核的自主分裂的神经元。后者的神经元被证明接受来自血管加压素或血管活性肠肽（VIP）含有SCN传出的输入。这种SCN输入到二级神经元的真实特征也由以下事实证明：在SCN、加压素或VIP神经元内存在三级标记。SCN-肾上腺连接的功能性存在通过光诱导的血浆皮质酮快速降低来证明，这不能归因于ACTH的降低。使用完整和SCN损伤的动物，血浆皮质酮的立即降低仅在完整动物中观察到，并且仅在黑暗期开始时观察到。皮质酮的这种快速下降伴随着恒定的基础水平的血液肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素，并提出是由于光介导的SCN神经元激活的神经元输出到肾上腺皮质的直接抑制。因此，有人提出SCN利用神经元通路来传播其一天中的时间信息，不仅到松果体，而且到其他器官，包括肾上腺，利用自主神经系统。
In view of mounting evidence that the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is directly involved in the setting of sensitivity of the adrenal cortex to ACTH, the present study investigated possible anatomical and functional connections between SCN and adrenal. Transneuronal virus tracing from the adrenal revealed first order labelling in neurons in the intermedio-lateral column of the spinal cord that were shown to receive an input from oxytocin fibres and subsequently second-order labelling in neurons of the autonomic division of the paraventricular nucleus. The latter neurons were shown to receive an input from vasopressin or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) containing SCN efferents. The true character of this SCN input to second-order neurons was also demonstrated by the fact that third-order labelling was present within the SCN, vasopressin or VIP neurons. The functional presence of the SCN-adrenal connection was demonstrated by a light-induced fast decrease in plasma corticosterone that could not be attributed to a decrease in ACTH. Using intact and SCN-lesioned animals, the immediate decrease in plasma corticosterone was only observed in intact animals and only at the beginning of the dark period. This fast decrease of corticosterone was accompanied by constant basal levels of blood adrenaline and noradrenaline, and is proposed to be due to a direct inhibition of the neuronal output to the adrenal cortex by light-mediated activation of SCN neurons. As a consequence, it is proposed that the SCN utilizes neuronal pathways to spread its time of the day message, not only to the pineal, but also to other organs, including the adrenal, utilizing the autonomic nervous system.