Reducing false recognition with criterial recollection tests: Distinctiveness heuristic versus criterion shifts
Reducing false recognition with criterial recollection tests: Distinctiveness heuristic versus criterion shifts
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2004.06.002
复制
发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Schacter, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gallo, DA;Weiss, JA;Schacter, DL
我们设计了标准的回忆测试，以调查为什么测试图片记忆比测试单词记忆引起的错误识别更低。受试者研究了无关的黑色单词，这些单词要么与同一个单词以红色字体配对，要么与对应的图片配对，或者两者兼而有之。然后他们进行了三项记忆测试，总是使用黑色单词：识别测试(对所有研究项目都说“是”)，红色单词测试和图片测试(只有当你分别回忆起一个红色单词或一张图片时才说“是”)。无论图片比红色单词更熟悉还是更不熟悉，错误识别在图片测试中都是最低的。这些结果很难用熟悉度或基于强度的标准变化来解释。相反，他们建议受试者期望对图片进行更详细的回忆，从而促进诊断监测过程(“独特性启发式”)。这种回忆差异也影响了来源监控错误(一种“必须是一个词”的效应)，这再次表明，详细的回忆期望影响监控过程。(C)2004 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
We devised criterial recollection tests to investigate why testing memory for pictures elicits lower false recognition than testing memory for words. Subjects studied unrelated black words paired either with the same word in red font, a corresponding picture, or both. They then took three memory tests, always using black words: a recognition test (say "yes" to all studied items), a red word-test, and a picture-test (say "yes" only if you recollect a red word or a picture, respectively). Regardless of whether pictures were more or less familiar than red words, false recognition was lowest on the picture test. These results cannot be explained easily by familiarity or strength-based criterion shifts. Instead, they suggest that subjects expected more detailed recollections for pictures, thereby facilitating a diagnostic monitoring process (the "distinctiveness heuristic"). This recollective difference also influenced source monitoring errors (an "it-had-to-be-a-word" effect), again suggesting that detailed recollective expectations influence monitoring processes. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.