Using 7Be measurements to estimate the relative contributions of interrill and rill erosion
Using 7Be measurements to estimate the relative contributions of interrill and rill erosion
复制标题
使用 7Be 测量来估计细沟和细沟侵蚀的相对贡献
DOI：
10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.10.012
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发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Bo Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feng-Bao Zhang;Ming-Yi Yang;Bo Zhang
需要快速可靠的方法来估算降雨过程中细沟间和细沟侵蚀的相对贡献，以更好地了解土壤侵蚀过程，并开发基于过程的土壤侵蚀预测模型。在控制实验中使用的放射性核素7 Be提供了一种手段，解决这一问题的需要，本文报道了一项实验研究，旨在改进和测试程序，估计相对贡献的两个组成部分的侵蚀。四个试验地块（面积5 × 2 m，坡度10°、15°、20°和25°），用黄土土填充，人工耕作，用除草剂保持无杂草，进行高强度降雨（91.8-120.6 mm h− 1），以诱导细沟发育。在降雨过程中，细沟网络的演变被记录下来，并收集和测量了小区的径流和泥沙输出。从径流中回收沉积物，测定其质量和7 Be活性。杨模型，以前报道的，被用来估计从输出的沉积物的7 Be活动的细沟间和细沟侵蚀的相对贡献，并进一步完善该模型，以考虑到在降雨事件的细沟的动态增长。从实验的结果也被用来开发一个简单的经验线性模型，估计的相对贡献的细沟间和细沟侵蚀的7 Be测量。对这三个模型提供的结果进行比较后发现，对相对贡献大小的估计存在一些差异，尽管它们在事件期间的趋势是相似的。经验线性模型提供的估计数往往高于使用改进模型获得的估计数，低于Yang模型产生的估计数，但更接近被视为理论上最准确的模型的改进模型提供的估计数。经验线性模型的基础比其他模型简单，因为只需要几个容易获得的参数。因此，在实践中，经验线性模型具有重要的优势，并被认为提供了可接受的结果。需要进一步的工作来测试它在更广泛的条件下的适用性。
Rapid and reliable methods for estimating the relative contribution of interrill and rill erosion during a rainfall event are needed to provide an improved understanding of soil erosion processes and to develop process-based soil erosion prediction models. Use of the radionuclide7Be in controlled experiments provides a means of addressing this need and this paper reports an experimental study aimed at refining and testing procedures employed to estimate the relative contribution of the two components of erosion. Four experimental plots (area 5 × 2 m and 10°, 15°, 20°, and 25° slope), filled with a loessial soil, manually tilled, and kept free of weeds with herbicides, were subjected to high intensity rainfall (91.8–120.6 mm h− 1), in order to induce rill development. The evolution of the rill network was documented photographically during the rainfall events and the runoff and sediment output from the plots were collected and measured. The sediment was recovered from the runoff and its mass and7Be activity were measured. The Yang model, reported previously, was used to estimate the relative contributions of interrill and rill erosion from the7Be activity of the exported sediment and this model was further refined to take account of the dynamic growth of the rills during the rainfall event. The results from the experiments were also used to develop a simple empirical linear model for estimating the relative contributions of interrill and rill erosion from the7Be measurements. A comparison of the results provided by the three models showed some differences in the estimates of the magnitude of the relative contributions, although their trend during the event was similar. The estimates provided by the empirical linear model tended to be higher than those obtained using the refined model and lower than those generated by the Yang model, but were closer to those provided by the refined model which was seen as being theoretically the most accurate model. The basis of the empirical linear model was simpler than that of other models, since only a few, easily obtained parameters were required. In practical terms the empirical linear model therefore has important advantages and is judged to provide acceptable results. Further work is required to test its applicability under a wider range of conditions.
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