Determinants of Empty Returns by U.S. Refrigerated Trucks: Conjoint Analysis Approach
Determinants of Empty Returns by U.S. Refrigerated Trucks: Conjoint Analysis Approach
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美国冷藏车空箱退货的决定因素：联合分析法
DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7976.1992.tb03680.x
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
D. Benell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Prentice;D. Benell
每年有相当于10万卡车的新鲜水果和蔬菜运往加拿大。这些冷藏车的到来为加拿大提供了一个机会，使其对美国的增值食品出口增加和多样化。经济学要求这些卡车必须找到一个负载为他们的南行返回。美国沿海运输限制迫使加拿大航空公司在加拿大寻求南行货物。然而，大多数美国航空公司离开加拿大，在美国北方各州装载南行货物。在除不列颠哥伦比亚省和阿尔伯塔外的每个省，美国承运人占从美国进入加拿大的所有冷藏卡车的一半以上。联合分析是用来检查美国运营商的看法，在加拿大西部与空返回北方美国获得负载的可取性。调查结果表明，主要从加州运输的承运人比从佛罗里达运输的承运人更有可能在加拿大寻找货物。然而，在这两种情况下，红肉的负载被视为理想的负载，托运人可以获得与新鲜水果和蔬菜的北行负载费率相当或更低的运费。
The equivalent of 100 000 truck-loads of fresh fruits and vegetables are delivered to Canada each year. The arrival of these refrigerated trucks presents an opportunity for Canada to increase and diversify its exports of value-added food products to the USA. Economics dictates that these trucks must locate a load for their southbound return. US cabotage restrictions force Canadian carriers to seek southbound loads in Canada. The majority of the US carriers, however, leave Canada empty and pick up southbound loads in the northern states of the USA. In every province except British Columbia and Alberta, US carriers account for over half of all refrigerated trucks that enter Canada from the USA. Conjoint analysis is used to examine the perceptions of US carriers regarding the desirability of obtaining loads in western Canada versus an empty return to northern USA. The findings indicate that carriers who haul primarily from California are more likely to search for a load in Canada than those who haul from Florida. In both cases, however, a load of red meats is viewed as a desirable load, and shippers can obtain freight rates comparable with, or less than, the rates for northbound loads of fresh fruits and vegetables.