Open questions: missing pieces from the immunological jigsaw puzzle
Open questions: missing pieces from the immunological jigsaw puzzle
复制标题
开放性问题：免疫拼图中缺失的部分
作者：
G. Griffiths
没有什么比在拼图游戏的最后却发现少了一些碎片更令人沮丧的了。当然，免疫学的某些领域也存在同样的问题，尽管取得了重大进展，但仍有一些拼图在多年后仍然缺失。当我被要求思考免疫系统的细胞生物学中仍然没有答案的一些问题时，三个问题跃入脑海。一个涉及抗原呈递，另一个是细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）或自然杀伤（NK）细胞介导的杀伤，第三个是细胞凋亡机制。虽然看起来不同，但每一个都归结为一个问题，即蛋白质如何穿过膜到达细胞质。
There is nothing more frustrating than reaching the end of a jigsaw puzzle to find that some of the pieces are missing. There are certainly areas of immunology where the same problem applies and despite major advances there are some pieces of the jigsaw that are still missing after many years. When I was asked to think of some of the questions that remain unanswered in the cell biology of the immune system, three leapt to mind. One concerns antigen presentation, another cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)- or natural killer (NK)-cell-mediated killing, and the third a mechanism of apoptosis. Although seemingly disparate, each one of these boils down to a question of how proteins cross membranes to reach the cytoplasm.