Biased Competition during Long-term Memory Formation.
Biased Competition during Long-term Memory Formation.
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00889
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Turk-Browne NB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hutchinson JB;Pak SS;Turk-Browne NB
大脑的一项关键任务是确定哪些信息值得存储在记忆中。为了构建环境的更完整的表示，存储器系统可以优先考虑尚未存储的新信息。在这里，我们提出了一种机制，支持这种优先编码的新信息，从而先前的经验衰减神经活动的旧信息，是竞争处理。我们通过在实验1中的不同空间位置和不同视觉类别（即，实验2中的面孔和场景。随后的新的刺激的记忆可以预测腹侧颞叶皮层的活动减少伴随着重复的刺激。这种关系在控制条件下被消除，其中编码过程中的竞争来自另一种新的刺激。这些发现揭示了先前的经验如何自适应地引导学习环境的新方面。
A key task for the brain is to determine which pieces of information are worth storing in memory. To build a more complete representation of the environment, memory systems may prioritize new information that has not already been stored. Here, we propose a mechanism that supports this preferential encoding of new information, whereby prior experience attenuates neural activity for old information that is competing for processing. We evaluated this hypothesis with fMRI by presenting a series of novel stimuli concurrently with repeated stimuli at different spatial locations in Experiment 1 and from different visual categories (i.e., faces and scenes) in Experiment 2. Subsequent memory for the novel stimuli could be predicted from the reduction in activity in ventral temporal cortex for the accompanying repeated stimuli. This relationship was eliminated in control conditions where the competition during encoding came from another novel stimulus. These findings reveal how prior experience adaptively guides learning toward new aspects of the environment.