A ‘reciprocal dumping’ model of international trade
A ‘reciprocal dumping’ model of international trade
复制标题
国际贸易的“互惠倾销”模式
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-1996(83)80008-7
复制
发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
P. Krugman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James A. Brander;P. Krugman
本文建立了一个模型，在这个模型中，寡头企业的竞争是国际贸易的一个独立原因。该模型显示了这种竞争如何自然地导致在国外市场上的产品“倾销”，并表明这种倾销可以是“互惠的”--也就是说，同一产品可能存在双向贸易。互惠倾销被证明是可能的一个相当普遍的规范公司的行为。这种看似毫无意义的贸易对福利的影响是模糊的。一方面，资源在货物的交叉处理中被浪费;另一方面，竞争的增加减少了垄断扭曲。令人惊讶的是，在自由进入和古诺行为的情况下，相互倾销是明确有利的。
This paper develops a model in which the rivalry of oligopolistic firms serves as an independent cause of international trade. The model shows how such rivalry naturally gives rise to ‘dumping’ of output in foreign markets, and shows that such dumping can be ‘reciprocal’ — that is, there may be two-way trade in the same product. Reciprocal dumping is shown to be possible for a fairly general specification of firm behaviour. The welfare effects of this seemingly pointless trade are ambiguous. On the one hand, resources are wasted in the cross-handling of goods: on the other hand, increased competition reduces monopoly distortions. Surprisingly, in the case of free entry and Cournot behaviour reciprocal dumping is unambiguously beneficial.