Experimental constraints on the crystallization of natrocarbonatitic lava flows

Experimental constraints on the crystallization of natrocarbonatitic lava flows
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碳酸岩熔岩流结晶的实验限制

DOI:
10.1007/s00445-009-0288-4
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发表时间:
2009
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Mattsson H
Mattsson H
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mattsson H

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钠化碳酸岩岩浆的特点是粘度极低,元素扩散快,因此,它们的化学和结晶度在浅储层驻留期间甚至由于熔岩流侵位期间的冷却而发生显着变化。在这里,我们提出了一系列的结晶实验的结果进行了1个大气压的围压和温度范围在630°C和300°C之间。实验的目的是为了表征存在于钠碳酸岩中的斑晶相的化学和生长过程。结果适用于(1)发生在居住在浅岩浆库和/或(2)在熔岩流侵位过程中的过程。我们发现,在常压下的natrocarbonatites结晶过程中,gregoryite是第一个矿物结晶在630°C,其次是nyerereite在595°C。钙铝榴石的晶体尺寸分布表明晶体通过织构粗化(即,Ostwald熟化)。由于在该压力下结晶是一个连续的过程,因此残余熔体的组成响应于结晶而变化。然而,实验还表明,单个晶体在短至<11分钟的时间内随着熔体组成的变化而完全重新平衡。因此,我们的结论是,结晶和扩散是非常快的过程中的natrocarbonatite系统和测量的化学变化的斑晶Oldoinyo Lengai可以解释不同的冷却历史。最后,我们建立了Oldoinyo Lengai高度结晶的钠质碳酸岩熔岩就位的流变学控制模型。
Natrocarbonatitic magmas are characterized by their extremely low viscosities and fast elemental diffusion, and as a consequence of this, their chemistry and crystallinity can change significantly during residence in shallow reservoirs or even due to cooling during lava flow emplacement. Here, we present the results of a series of crystallization experiments conducted at 1-atm confining pressure and in a temperature range between 630°C and 300°C. The experiments were set up to characterize the chemistry and growth processes of the phenocryst phases present in natrocarbonatites. The results are applicable to (1) processes occurring during residence in shallow magma reservoirs and/or (2) during lava flow emplacement. We show that during crystallization of natrocarbonatites at atmospheric pressure, gregoryite is the first mineral to crystallize at 630°C, followed by nyerereite at 595°C. Crystal size distributions of the gregoryites show that the crystals grow rapidly by textural coarsening (i.e., Ostwald ripening). As the crystallization is a continuous process at this pressure, the composition of the residual melt changes in response to the crystallization. However, the experiments also show that individual crystals completely reequilibrate with the changes in melt composition in as little time as <11 min. We therefore conclude that crystallization and diffusion are extremely fast processes in the natrocarbonatitic system and that the measured chemical variations in phenocrysts from Oldoinyo Lengai can be explained by different cooling histories. Finally, we model the rheological control on the emplacement of highly crystallized natrocarbonatitic lavas at Oldoinyo Lengai.
坦桑尼亚 Oldoinyo Lengai 火山的钠碳酸盐岩中的尼雷石和砾石的化学成分
DOI: --
发表时间: 2009
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
A. Zaitsev;J. Keller;J. Spratt;T. Jeffries;V. Sharygin
通讯作者: V. Sharygin
碱性碳酸岩岩浆:Oldoinyo Lengai 及其更广泛的适用性
DOI: --
发表时间: 1980
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
J. Gittins;D. Mckie
通讯作者: D. Mckie
Oldoinyo Lengai 钠碳酸盐中的碳酸盐-碳酸盐不混溶性、邻石和硫化铁钾
DOI: --
发表时间: 1997
影响因子: 2.7
作者:
R. Mitchell
通讯作者: R. Mitchell
1988 年 11 月喷出的 Oldoinyo Lengai 熔岩的岩石学和地球化学:岩浆源头、上升和结晶
DOI: --
发表时间: 1995
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
J. Dawson;H. Pinkerton;G. Norton;D. Pyle;P. Browning;D. Jackson;A. Fallick
通讯作者: A. Fallick
Nyerereite:产自坦桑尼亚 Oldoinyo Lengai 的一种新火山碳酸盐矿物
DOI: --
发表时间: 1977
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
D. Mckie;E. Frankis
通讯作者: E. Frankis