Learning from experience: event-related potential correlates of reward processing, neural adaptation, and behavioral choice.
Learning from experience: event-related potential correlates of reward processing, neural adaptation, and behavioral choice.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.05.008
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发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Anderson JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walsh MM;Anderson JR
要做出适应性的行为，我们必须从我们行为的后果中吸取教训。使用事件相关电位(ERPs)的研究对于这种学习是如何发生的这一问题提供了信息。这些研究揭示了在负反馈之后出现的一种额中枢负效应，称为反馈相关负效应(FRN)。根据一个著名的理论，FRN跟踪实际结果和预期结果之间的值之间的差异，或奖励预测误差。因此，FRN为研究奖励估值和决策提供了一个工具。我们从检验FRN的神经意义开始这篇综述。然后，我们检查它的功能意义。为了了解FRN产生时发生的认知过程，我们探索影响其外观和幅度的变量。具体地说，我们评估了四个假设：(1)FRN编码了一个量化的奖励预测错误；(2)FRN是由结果和预测结果的刺激引起的；(3)FRN和行为随经验而改变；(4)产生FRN的系统最大限度地参与了意志行为。
To behave adaptively, we must learn from the consequences of our actions. Studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) have been informative with respect to the question of how such learning occurs. These studies have revealed a frontocentral negativity termed the feedback-related negativity (FRN) that appears after negative feedback. According to one prominent theory, the FRN tracks the difference between the values of actual and expected outcomes, or reward prediction errors. As such, the FRN provides a tool for studying reward valuation and decision making. We begin this review by examining the neural significance of the FRN. We then examine its functional significance. To understand the cognitive processes that occur when the FRN is generated, we explore variables that influence its appearance and amplitude. Specifically, we evaluate four hypotheses: (1) the FRN encodes a quantitative reward prediction error; (2) the FRN is evoked by outcomes and by stimuli that predict outcomes; (3) the FRN and behavior change with experience; and (4) the system that produces the FRN is maximally engaged by volitional actions.
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