A simple procedure for the assessment of hydropeaking flow alterations applied to several European streams
A simple procedure for the assessment of hydropeaking flow alterations applied to several European streams
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DOI：
10.1007/s00027-015-0408-5
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Alfredsen, Knut
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carolli, Mauro;Vanzo, Davide;Alfredsen, Knut
蓄能水电站的放水在各种亚日时间尺度上在接收水体中产生快速的流量和阶段波动（水峰）。在本文中，我们提出了一种量化这种变化的方法，该方法易于应用，需要随时可用的分辨率的流流量数据，并允许比较几个测量站之间的峰值流量变化。采用严格的统计方法，利用流量大小和变化率两个指标对峰流变化进行量化。我们利用来自意大利、瑞士和挪威的105个测量站的综合流量数据集来开发我们的方法。首先，我们使用GIS方法客观地将监测站分配到两组中的一组：有上游水电站放水的监测站（峰值组）和没有上游放水的监测站（非峰值组）。其次，我们使用非峰值组的数据集为两个指标分别计算一个阈值。阈值定义了三种不同的类别：无压力或低压、中压力和高压，所有站点都根据这些压力级别进行分类。第三，我们发现阈值可以根据国家数据集、选择用于分析的年份、测量站数量和数据集的时间分辨率而变化，但分类结果保持不变。因此，我们提出的分类方法可以被认为是非常鲁棒的，因为它几乎对峰值阈值的变化不敏感。因此，该方法可广泛应用于流型变化评价和河流水文形态质量分类程序，并有助于指导河流修复行动。
Release of water from storage hydropower plants generates rapid flow and stage fluctuations (hydropeaking) in the receiving water bodies at a variety of sub-daily time-scales. In this paper we present an approach to quantify such variations, which is easy to apply, requires stream flow data at a readily available resolution, and allows for the comparison of hydropeaking flow alteration amongst several gauged stations. Hydropeaking flow alteration is quantified by adopting a rigorous statistical approach and using two indicators related to flow magnitude and rate of change. We utilised a comprehensive stream-flow dataset of 105 gauging stations from Italy, Switzerland and Norway to develop our method. Firstly, we used a GIS approach to objectively assign the stations to one of two groups: gauges with an upstream water release from hydropower plants (peaked group) and without upstream releases (unpeaked group). Secondly, we used the datasets of the unpeaked group to calculate one threshold for each of the two indicators. Thresholds defined three different classes: absent or low pressure, medium, and high pressure, and all stations were classified according to these pressure levels. Thirdly, we showed that the thresholds can change, depending on the country dataset, the year chosen for the analysis, the number of gauging stations, and the temporal resolution of the dataset, but the outcome of the classification remains the same. Hence, the classification method we propose can be considered very robust since it is almost insensitive to the hydropeaking thresholds variability. Therefore, the method is broadly applicable to procedures for the evaluation of flow regime alterations and classification of river hydromorphological quality, and may help to guide river restoration actions.