Sensory impairment and cognitive functioning in oldest-old subjects - The Leiden 85+study
Sensory impairment and cognitive functioning in oldest-old subjects - The Leiden 85+study
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajgp.13.9.781
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Westendorp, RGJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gussekloo, J;de Craen, AJM;Westendorp, RGJ
目的：由于关于老年人感觉障碍（听力和视力障碍）与认知功能之间关联的研究结果相互矛盾，作者在莱顿85岁以上人群研究中对这种关联进行了探究。
方法：在这项基于人群的研究中，有459名85岁以上的参与者。在标准条件下，通过听力测定法测量听力障碍，通过视力检查表测量视力障碍。简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估整体认知功能。对于MMSE得分＞18的参与者，作者进一步评估记忆（单词学习测试，即时和延迟回忆）和认知速度（通过斯特鲁普测试、字母 - 数字编码测试）。
结果：听力障碍（患病率：85%）和视力障碍（患病率：59%）都与MMSE得分较低有关。视力障碍加重与记忆和认知速度测试得分较差有关，这些测试是以视觉呈现的认知测试来衡量的。相比之下，听力障碍与记忆和认知速度之间没有关联。
结论：在老年人中，通过视觉认知测试评估的认知功能与视力障碍有关，但与听力障碍无关。因此作者认为，感觉障碍与认知功能之间的关联至少部分基于在认知评估过程中感觉障碍老年人的实际不利因素。
Objective: Because studies on the association of sensory impairment (both hearing and visual impairment) and cognitive functioning in elderly persons yielded conflicting results, the authors explored this association within the Leiden 85 + Study. Methods: Within this population-based study of 459 participants aged 85 + years, hearing impairment was measured by audiometry and visual impairment by a visual acuity chart, both under standardized conditions. The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) assessed global cognitive functioning. In participants with MMSE scores > 18, the authors further assessed memory (Word-Learning Test, Immediate and Delayed Recall) and cognitive speed (by Stroop Test, Letter-Digit Coding test). Results: Both bearing impairment (prevalence: 85%) and visual impairment (prevalence: 59%) were associated with lower scores on the MMSE. Increasing visual impairment was associated with poorer scores on memory and cognitive speed, as measured with visually presented cognitive tests. In contrast, there was no association between bearing impairment and memory and cognitive speed. Conclusions: In elderly people, cognitive functioning as assessed by visual cognitive tests relates to visual impairment but not to hearing impairment The authors therefore assume that the association between sensory impairment and cognitive functioning is, at least partly, based on practical disadvantages of elderly persons with sensory impairment during cognitive assessments.