Interdisciplinary Analysis of the Lehi Horse: Implications for Early Historic Horse Cultures of the North American West

Interdisciplinary Analysis of the Lehi Horse: Implications for Early Historic Horse Cultures of the North American West
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李海马的跨学科分析:对北美西部早期历史马文化的影响

DOI:
10.1017/aaq.2020.109
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Le Roux, Petrus
Le Roux, Petrus
中科院分区:
人文科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Taylor, William Timothy;Hart, Isaac;Jones, Emily Lena;Brenner-Coltrain, Joan;Thompson Jobe, Jessica;Britt, Brooks B.;McDonald, H. Gregory;Li, Yue;Zhang, Chengrui;Le Roux, Petrus

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尽管马在公元 1492 年之后被重新引入北美大陆,被认为是北美最重要的文化变革之一,但考古科学却很少提及这一问题。这项有限研究背后的一个关键因素是早期历史考古环境中明显缺乏马骨骼遗骸。在这里,我们对在犹他州李海发现的一具马骨骼进行了多学科分析,该骨骼最初被认为是更新世的。对地层背景和放射性碳测年的重新分析表明这匹马的历史年龄(公元1681年至1939年),将其与尤特人或其他土著群体联系起来,而骨骼学特征表明它用于骑马骑马——可能使用无框架马鞍。 DNA 分析表明,该动物是一匹雌性家马,尽管它在运输过程中已经不再有用,但很可能是作为种马群的一部分被照顾的。最后,从牙釉质中连续采样的稳定碳、氧和锶同位素值(δ13C、δ18O 和 87Sr/86Sr)表明这匹马是在当地饲养的。这些结果表明,考古科学应用于马遗骸在理解土著马畜牧业方面的效用,而对更广泛的考古记录的考虑表明了早期历史背景下对马骨的错误识别模式。
Although recognized as one of the most significant cultural transformations in North America, the reintroduction of the horse to the continent after AD 1492 has been rarely addressed by archaeological science. A key contributing factor behind this limited study is the apparent absence of equine skeletal remains from early historic archaeological contexts. Here, we present a multidisciplinary analysis of a horse skeleton recovered in Lehi, Utah, originally attributed to the Pleistocene. Reanalysis of stratigraphic context and radiocarbon dating indicates a historic age for this horse (cal AD 1681–1939), linking it with Ute or other Indigenous groups, whereas osteological features demonstrate its use for mounted horseback riding—perhaps with a nonframe saddle. DNA analysis indicates that the animal was a female domestic horse, which was likely cared for as part of a breeding herd despite outliving its usefulness in transport. Finally, sequentially sampled stable carbon, oxygen, and strontium isotope values from tooth enamel (δ13C, δ18O, and 87Sr/86Sr) suggest that the horse was raised locally. These results show the utility of archaeological science as applied to horse remains in understanding Indigenous horse pastoralism, whereas consideration of the broader archaeological record suggests a pattern of misidentification of horse bones from early historic contexts.
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