Differences in the Rumen Methanogen Populations of Lactating Jersey and Holstein Dairy Cows under the Same Diet Regimen
Differences in the Rumen Methanogen Populations of Lactating Jersey and Holstein Dairy Cows under the Same Diet Regimen
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.05130-11
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Wright, Andre-Denis G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
King, Erin E.;Smith, Rachel P.;Wright, Andre-Denis G.
在奶牛业中，荷斯坦牛和泽西牛是最常用于生产的品种。它们的表现因各种性状而异，如体型、产奶量和奶成分。随着人们越来越关注农业对气候变化的影响，甲烷排放等其他性状的潜在差异也需要进一步确定。由于甲烷是由产甲烷古菌在瘤胃中产生的，我们调查了产甲烷菌群落的种群结构是否会在荷斯坦牛和泽西牛之间有所不同。品种特异性瘤胃产甲烷菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库构建从合并的PCR产物从泌乳荷斯坦和泽西奶牛，分别产生180和185个克隆。组合的365个序列被分配到55个物种水平的操作分类单位（OTU）。20个OTU，占组合文库序列的85%，是两个品种所共有的，而23个OTU（36个序列）仅在荷斯坦文库中发现，12个OTU（18个序列）仅在泽西文库中发现，突出了荷斯坦文库中增加的多样性。其他差异包括观察到与Methanobrevibacter millillennium具有种样序列同一性的序列在泽西品种中表现得更高，而Methanosphaera相关序列和新的未培养产甲烷菌克隆在Holstein文库中更常见。相比之下，与反刍甲烷短杆菌具有物种水平序列同一性的OTU序列在两个文库中类似地表示。由于采样动物来自由两个品种组成的单一畜群，这两个品种喂食相同的饮食并在相同的环境条件下饲养，我们观察到的差异可能是由于宿主品种遗传学的差异。
In the dairy cattle industry, Holstein and Jersey are the breeds most commonly used for production. They differ in performance by various traits, such as body size, milk production, and milk composition. With increased concerns about the impact of agriculture on climate change, potential differences in other traits, such as methane emission, also need to be characterized further. Since methane is produced in the rumen by methanogenic archaea, we investigated whether the population structure of methanogen communities would differ between Holsteins and Jerseys. Breed-specific rumen methanogen 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed from pooled PCR products obtained from lactating Holstein and Jersey cows, generating 180 and 185 clones, respectively. The combined 365 sequences were assigned to 55 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Twenty OTUs, representing 85% of the combined library sequences, were common to both breeds, while 23 OTUs (36 sequences) were found only in the Holstein library and 12 OTUs (18 sequences) were found only in the Jersey library, highlighting increased diversity in the Holstein library. Other differences included the observation that sequences with species-like sequence identity to Methanobrevibacter millerae were represented more highly in the Jersey breed, while Methanosphaera-related sequences and novel uncultured methanogen clones were more frequent in the Holstein library. In contrast, OTU sequences with species-level sequence identity to Methanobrevibacter ruminantium were represented similarly in both libraries. Since the sampled animals were from a single herd consisting of two breeds which were fed the same diet and maintained under the same environmental conditions, the differences we observed may be due to differences in host breed genetics.