Matrix composition and landscape heterogeneity structure multiple dimensions of biodiversity in temperate forest birds
Matrix composition and landscape heterogeneity structure multiple dimensions of biodiversity in temperate forest birds
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基质组成和景观异质性结构温带森林鸟类生物多样性的多维度
DOI：
10.1007/s10531-016-1195-6
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
M. Willig
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brian T. Klingbeil;M. Willig
量化人类改变的景观如何塑造生物多样性的分布对于制定有效的保护战略至关重要。为了解决这个问题，我们评估了三个假设（栖息地面积、栖息地配置和矩阵异质性假设），这些假设预测生物多样性对人类改造景观中景观结构的响应。我们比较了影响温带森林繁殖鸟类生物多样性的分类学（TD）、功能（FD）和系统发育（PD）维度的景观结构特征。在美国东北部 20 个森林内部地点的多个空间尺度上评估了生物多样性和景观结构之间的关系。我们评估了不同群体（居民、候鸟和所有鸟类）的维度和组合与景观结构的关系是否一致。与 TD 相比，FD 和 PD 的生物多样性维度与景观结构之间的关系更为普遍。森林数量和结构很少与生物多样性的任何方面相关。相比之下，基质的同一性和景观的异质性常常与生物多样性相关，但鸟类群体之间的关系有所不同。例如，所有鸟类的 FD 与景观多样性呈正相关，但居民的 FD 与景观多样性呈负相关，这表明森林周围的景观多样性可能会增加鸟类的总体 FD，但并非所有物种群体的反应都相似。事实上，移民的生物多样性与景观结构的相关性微弱。鸟类群体与景观结构和空间尺度之间关系的差异表明，管理计划应考虑区域框架内的当地决策，以平衡人类主导景观中物种群体潜在冲突的需求。
Quantifying how human-modified landscapes shape the distribution of biodiversity is critical for developing effective conservation strategies. To address this, we evaluated three hypotheses (habitat area, habitat configuration and matrix heterogeneity hypotheses) that predict responses of biodiversity to landscape structure in human-modified landscapes. We compared characteristics of landscape structure that influence taxonomic (TD), functional (FD), and phylogenetic (PD) dimensions of biodiversity of breeding birds in temperate forests. Relationships between biodiversity and landscape structure were assessed at multiple spatial scales for 20 forest interior sites in northeastern USA. We assessed if relationships with landscape structure were consistent among dimensions and assemblages of different groups (residents, migrants and all birds). Relationships between dimensions of biodiversity and landscape structure were more prevalent for FD and PD than for TD. Forest amount and configuration were rarely associated with any dimensions of biodiversity. In contrast, the identity of the matrix and heterogeneity of the landscape were frequently associated with biodiversity, but relationships differed among groups of birds. For example, FD of all birds was associated positively with landscape diversity but FD of residents was associated negatively with landscape diversity, suggesting that landscape diversity surrounding forests may increase overall FD of birds but that not all groups of species respond similarly. Indeed, biodiversity of migrants was only weakly related to landscape structure. Differences among relationships to landscape structure for bird groups and spatial scales suggests that management plans should consider local decisions within a regional framework to balance potentially conflicting needs of species groups in human-dominated landscapes.