Who needs cytoplasm? Genomic preservation for the 21st century.
Who needs cytoplasm? Genomic preservation for the 21st century.
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谁需要细胞质？
DOI：
10.1095/biolreprod.113.109959
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Holt,WilliamV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holt,WilliamV
Just over 60 yr ago, the science of cryobiology and cell preservation was undergoing revolutionary progress following the discovery that glycerol could act as a functional cryoprotectant for spermatozoa [1]. This discovery set the scene for many major new technological developments and revolutionized much of the cattle breeding industry by facilitating the long-term storage of spermatozoa. From there came the genetic selection procedures that have resulted in the advanced dairy herds we see today. A little over 20 yr later, David Whittingham and his colleagues, Stanley Leibo and Peter Mazur [2, 3], worked out how to freeze and store mouse embryos, a further notable step forward in the search for methods to preserve gametes and embryos. This issue of Biology of Reproduction includes another massive step forward that will rank alongside the landmark discoveries mentioned above. In this case, Graves-Herring et al.[4] demonstrate that nuclei (also known as germinal vesicles) can be isolated from immature cat oocytes, preserved by air-drying, and then revived by reinsertion into fresh cytoplasts (enucleated oocytes), and are able to resume meiosis (Fig. 1). This represents a new method for the long-term preservation of the female genome, something that is currently very tricky and unreliable because oocytes are such large and complex cells. In this study, the cat is acting as a model species, but there is every reason to suppose that the technology will be more widely applicable.Observations that biological materials can be preserved by drying actually have a long and interesting history. As far back as 1702, Antony van Leeuwenhoek, the first microscopist, realized that the small ‘‘animalcules’’(now known to be rotifers) that he observed swimming in rainwater could survive being dried, and that they could readily be revived when their watery environment was restored. He described their revival after adding water as follows:
