Using a polyploid meiosis stability (PMeS) line as a parent improves embryo development and the seed set rate of a tetraploid rice hybrid
Using a polyploid meiosis stability (PMeS) line as a parent improves embryo development and the seed set rate of a tetraploid rice hybrid
复制标题
使用多倍体减数分裂稳定性 (PMeS) 系作为亲本可改善四倍体水稻杂交种的胚胎发育和结实率
DOI：
10.4141/cjps09190
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Cai, D. -T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, Y. -C.;Ge, J.;Cai, D. -T.
多倍体在植物物种的进化和育种中起着重要的作用。然而，结实率低严重阻碍了多倍体水稻育种的发展。结果表明，六倍体减数分裂稳定系HN2026-4X的结实率在80%以上，而其他两个四倍体系(4X为四倍体，2X为二倍体)的结实率低于40%。此外，Balilla-4X x HN2026-4X的结实率(67.18%)也高于Balilla-4X x NJ11-4X(37.26%)，表明PMES性状遗传给了下一代。较高的结实率归因于HN2026-4X系具有较高的花粉育性和活力，减数分裂正常，胚胎发生成功。对胚胎显微结构的研究表明，Balilla-4X x HN2026-4X的胚胎发育模式在各个时期都表现正常，但Balilla-4X x NJ11-4X的胚胎发育模式发生了较大的变化。在授粉后1d(DAP)、2-3DAP、4-5DAP和10-15DAP四个时期，胚胎主要有缺陷。两个杂交种的胚胎发育失败模式相似，但Balilla-4X x HN2026-4X在各个时期的败育率显著低于Balilla-4X x NJ11-4X。此外，巴利利亚-4X×NJ11-4X杂种结实率低的原因还与受精异常、胚乳发育不良和胚极化异常有关。本研究表明PMEs系是一种有价值的资源，可用于选育高产四倍体水稻杂交种。
Polyploidy is widely accepted to play an important role in the evolution and breeding of plant species. However, a low seed set rate significantly hindered the development of polyploid rice breeding. Our results show that the seed set rate in potyploid meiosis stability (PMeS) line HN2026-4X was above 80%, but less than 40% in the other two tetraploid lines (4X indicates a tetraploid line and 2X indicates a diploid line). Furthermore, the seed set rate of Balilla-4X x HN2026-4X was also higher (67.18%) compared with that of Balilla-4X x NJ11-4X (37.26%), suggesting that the PMeS trait was transmitted to the next generation. The significantly higher seed set rate was attributed to the high pollen fertility and viability, as well as the normal meiosis of the HN2026-4X line as a male parent and also to successful embryogenesis. Investigations into embryo microstructure suggested that the embryo development pattern in Balilla-4X x HN2026-4X appeared normal at all stages, but many changes were discovered in Balilla-4X x NJ11-4X. The embryos were mainly defective at the four following stages: 1 d after pollination (DAP), 2-3 DAP, 4-5 DAP, and 10-15 DAP. The pattern of embryo developmental failure was similar in the two hybrids, but the abortive frequency in Balilla-4X x HN2026-4X was significantly lower than that of Balilla-4X x NJ11-4X at the respective stages. Additionally, aberrant fertilization, poor endosperm development, and abnormal embryo polarization also contributed to the low seed set in the hybrid of Balilla-4X x NJ11-4X. This study suggests that the PMeS line is a valuable resource, which could be used to develop tetraploid rice hybrids with superior yield.