Satellite Formation Flight Simulation Using Multi-Constellation GNSS and Applications to Ionospheric Remote Sensing
Satellite Formation Flight Simulation Using Multi-Constellation GNSS and Applications to Ionospheric Remote Sensing
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/rs11232851
复制
发表时间：
2019-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yuxiang Peng;W. Scales
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuxiang Peng;W. Scales
弗吉尼亚理工大学编队飞行试验台（VTFFTB）是一个基于全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）的硬件在环（HIL）仿真试验台，用于电离层遥感应用的航天器编队飞行。过去的应用只考虑全球定位系统星座。全球导航卫星系统的快速现代化提供了更多来自其他星座的信号，包括不断发展的欧洲伽利略系统。这项研究提出了一个升级的VTFFTB与伽利略系统和相关的增强功能。通过模拟一对LEO卫星编队飞行的电离层等离子体气泡的情况下，基于GPS的模拟进行比较，包括伽利略星座的多星座GNSS模拟。多星座（GPS和Galileo）和单星座（GPS）之间的比较显示，使用2018年7月13日历书的额外Galileo星座，特定赤道扩展F（ESF）场景的垂直电子密度测量误差的绝对平均值和标准差分别降低了32.83%和46.12%。另一项基于2019年3月8日年历模拟的比较显示，通过结合GPS和伽利略数据，垂直电子密度测量误差的平均值和标准差进一步降低至43.34%和49.92%。灵敏度研究表明，伽利略电子密度测量与地层结构的垂直间隔相关。较低的C/N 0值增加了垂直电子密度反演的测量误差和散射水平。利用GPS L1 + Galileo E1载波相位代替仅使用GPS L1，也减小了相对状态估计误差。总体而言，通过将Galileo添加到VTFFTB中，可以观察到遥感和相对导航应用的上级性能。
The Virginia Tech Formation Flying Testbed (VTFFTB) is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation testbed for spacecraft formation flying with ionospheric remote sensing applications. Past applications considered only the Global Positioning System (GPS) constellation. The rapid GNSS modernization offers more signals from other constellations, including the growing European system—Galileo. This study presents an upgrade of VTFFTB with the incorporation of Galileo and the associated enhanced capabilities. By simulating an ionospheric plasma bubble scenario with a pair of LEO satellites flying in formation, the GPS-based simulations are compared to multi-constellation GNSS simulations including the Galileo constellation. A comparison between multi-constellation (GPS and Galileo) and single-constellation (GPS) shows the absolute mean and standard deviation of vertical electron density measurement errors for a specific Equatorial Spread F (ESF) scenario are decreased by 32.83% and 46.12% with the additional Galileo constellation using the 13 July 2018 almanac. Another comparison based on a simulation using the 8 March 2019 almanac shows the mean and standard deviation of vertical electron density measurement errors were decreased further to 43.34% and 49.92% by combining both GPS and Galileo data. A sensitivity study shows that the Galileo electron density measurements are correlated with the vertical separation of the formation configuration. Lower C/N0 level increases the measurement errors and scattering level of vertical electron density retrieval. Relative state estimation errors are decreased, as well by utilizing GPS L1 plus Galileo E1 carrier phase instead of GPS L1 only. Overall, superior performance on both remote sensing and relative navigation applications is observed by adding Galileo to the VTFFTB.