Education and alcohol use: A study of gene-environment interaction in young adulthood.
Education and alcohol use: A study of gene-environment interaction in young adulthood.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.06.031
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dick DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barr PB;Salvatore JE;Maes H;Aliev F;Latvala A;Viken R;Rose RJ;Kaprio J;Dick DM
酗酒的后果仍然是一个严重的公共卫生问题。一致的证据表明，遗传和社会影响都对饮酒有影响。对基因-环境相互作用（GxE）的研究也表明，这些社会和遗传影响并不是独立作用的。相反，某些环境背景可能限制或加剧潜在的遗传易感性。然而，关于GxE和酒精使用的大部分工作都集中在青春期，而对青年期重要的环境背景知之甚少。使用芬兰双胞胎研究的年轻成人波FinnTwin12 （N=3,402）的数据，我们使用生物识别双胞胎模型来测试教育是否会通过饮酒频率和中毒频率来评估酒精使用的遗传风险。教育之所以重要，是因为它提供了获取个人资源的更多途径，并有助于确定一个人在更广泛的阶层体系中的地位。双胞胎模型的结果表明，教育没有调节遗传变异成分，遗传风险在教育水平上是恒定的。相反，教育缓和了环境差异，因此在低教育的条件下，环境影响更多地解释了酒精使用结果的变化。讨论了这些结果的意义和局限性。
The consequences of heavy alcohol use remain a serious public health problem. Consistent evidence has demonstrated that both genetic and social influences contribute to alcohol use. Research on gene-environment interaction (GxE) has also demonstrated that these social and genetic influences do not act independently. Instead, certain environmental contexts may limit or exacerbate an underlying genetic predisposition. However, much of the work on GxE and alcohol use has focused on adolescence and less is known about the important environmental contexts in young adulthood. Using data from the young adult wave of the Finnish Twin Study, FinnTwin12 (N=3,402), we used biometric twin modeling to test whether education moderated genetic risk for alcohol use as assessed by drinking frequency and intoxication frequency. Education is important because it offers greater access to personal resources and helps determine one’s position in the broader stratification system. Results from the twin models show that education did not moderate genetic variance components and that genetic risk was constant across levels of education. Instead, education moderated environmental variance so that under conditions of low education, environmental influences explained more of the variation in alcohol use outcomes. The implications and limitations of these results are discussed.