Cigarette Smoking by Patients With Serious Mental Illness, 1999-2016: An Increasing Disparity
Cigarette Smoking by Patients With Serious Mental Illness, 1999-2016: An Increasing Disparity
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ps.201700118
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Yolken, Robert H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dickerson, Faith;Schroeder, Jennifer;Yolken, Robert H.
目的：本研究调查了 1999 年至 2016 年间精神分裂症和躁郁症患者以及无精神疾病患者的吸烟流行率和吸烟量。方法：共有 1,938 名受试者在参加一项研究时提供了有关其吸烟的信息，他们被选中参加这项研究时并未考虑其吸烟状况。通过使用多变量模型检查各组间的差异以及吸烟和卷烟消费随时间变化的趋势。结果：组间在吸烟率和卷烟消费量方面存在显着差异。总体而言，62% 的精神分裂症患者、37% 的双相情感障碍患者和 17% 的无精神疾病参与者（对照组）报告称他们目前是吸烟者。样本中吸烟率随着时间的推移而下降，主要是因为对照组吸烟率的下降。患有精神分裂症和双相情感障碍的吸烟者每天比对照组的吸烟者吸更多的香烟。在所有组的吸烟者中，在研究期间每天消耗的香烟数量显着下降。吸烟与年龄较大、受教育程度较低、白种人种和男性显着相关。结论：精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者的吸烟率仍然高得惊人，并且与非精神疾病患者和普通人群的差距正在扩大。迫切需要采取更多措施来解决这一重大公共卫生问题。
Objective: This study examined the prevalence of cigarette smoking and the quantity of cigarettes consumed by individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and those without a psychiatric disorder in the period 1999-2016.Method: A total of 1,938 individuals provided information about their cigarette smoking at enrollment into a research study for which they were selected without regard to their smoking status. Differences among groups and trends over time in smoking and cigarette consumption were examined by using multivariate models.Results: Marked differences between groups were noted in the prevalence of smoking and in the quantity of cigarettes consumed. Overall, 62% of individuals with schizophrenia, 37% with bipolar disorder, and 17% of participants without a psychiatric disorder (control group) reported that they were current smokers. Smoking prevalence decreased over time in the sample primarily because of the decrease in smoking in the control group. Smokers with schizophrenia and with bipolar disorder smoked more cigarettes per day than smokers in the control group. Among smokers in all the groups, the quantity of cigarettes consumed per day declined significantly over the study period. Smoking was significantly associated with older age, less education, Caucasian race, and male gender.Conclusions: The prevalence of smoking has remained alarmingly high among individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and the disparity with those without psychiatric disorders and with the general population is increasing. Additional measures are urgently needed to address this major public health problem.