Emergence and Evolution of Secondary Lymphoid Organs.
Emergence and Evolution of Secondary Lymphoid Organs.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-cellbio-111315-125306
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发表时间：
2016-10-06
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Flajnik MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neely HR;Flajnik MF
对于有效的适应性免疫外源抗原（Ag），次级淋巴器官（SLO）提供了封闭的环境中，Ag限制性淋巴细胞，具有非常低的前体频率，与Ag呈递细胞（APC）上的Ag相互作用。脾脏是原始的SLO，在早期有颌脊椎动物中与适应性免疫一起出现。脾脏，特别是脾脏的淋巴区室，即白色髓（WP），在进化过程中经历了许多修改。我们描述了脾WP的复杂性，这与适应性免疫功能的增加并行发展的渐进式进步。滤泡树突状细胞（FDC）的Ag呈递功能也可能出现在适应性免疫的开始，我们提出，一种单一类型的造血来源的APC展示Ag的T和B细胞。一个专用的FDC，来自血管前体，是最近的进化创新，可能允许在哺乳动物中发现的强大的亲和力成熟。
For effective adaptive immunity to foreign antigens (Ag), secondary lymphoid organs (SLO) provide the confined environment in which Ag-restricted lymphocytes, with very low precursor frequencies, interact with Ag on Ag-presenting cells (APC). The spleen is the primordial SLO, arising in conjunction with adaptive immunity in early jawed vertebrates. The spleen, especially the spleen’s lymphoid compartment, the white pulp (WP), has undergone numerous modifications over evolutionary time. We describe the progressive advancement of splenic WP complexity, which evolved in parallel with the increasing functionality of adaptive immunity. The Ag-presenting function of follicular dendritic cells (FDC) also likely emerged at the inception of adaptive immunity, and we propose that a single type of hematopoietically derived APC displayed Ag to both T and B cells. A dedicated FDC, derived from a vascular precursor, is a recent evolutionary innovation that likely permitted the robust affinity maturation found in mammals.